Surgical oncology articles from across Nature Portfolio

Metastatic uveal melanoma is poorly responsive to immune checkpoint inhibition. Here, the authors analyse 100 uveal melanoma metastases using bulk and single cell RNA-seq, TCR analysis, and immune reactivity to show potent, yet, quiescent tumour infiltrating lymphocytes that can be harnessed by adoptive transfer to confer tumour immunity.

The feasibility and efficacy of neoadjuvant immunotherapy for resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been previously suggested. Here the authors report the results of a phase 1b trial of neoadjuvant tislelizumab plus stereotactic body radiotherapy and adjuvant tislelizumab in early-stage resectable HCC.

Oligometastatic bladder cancer, defined as a cancer with limited metastases, is a potential target for curative metastasis-directed therapy in a multidisciplinary framework. The consensus definition of oligometastatic bladder cancer is a valuable starting point for clinical trials, but challenges remain in accurately characterizing metastatic burden with current imaging modalities and determining optimal strategies to treat patients with lymph node involvement.

Transplantation for non-resectable colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) has become accepted for a few, select patients following stringent criteria. With improved understanding of the selective indications, enhanced curation of the donor pool, and by further insight into cancer biology, novel avenues for research may be developed and eventually benefit more patients with non-resectable CRLM.

Focal ablative therapy has emerged as a treatment option in radio-recurrent prostate cancer to obtain local control of disease and spare patients severe salvage-treatment-related complications. Irreversible electroporation holds the potential to become the standard ablative modality in prostate cancer owing to reliable ablation results, the electricity-based effect and an acceptable adverse-effect profile.