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  • Article
    | Open Access

    Global public expectations for carbon removal governance are: engagement beyond acceptance research; regulating industry beyond incentivizing innovation; systemic coordination; and prioritizing underlying and interrelated causes of unsustainability.

    • Sean Low
    • , Livia Fritz
    •  & Benjamin K. Sovacool

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Thurner and colleagues explore how economic shocks spread risk through the globalized economy. They find that rich countries expose poor countries stronger to systemic risk than vice-versa. The risk is highly concentrated, however higher risk levels are not compensated with a risk premium in GDP levels, nor higher GDP growth. The findings put the often-praised benefits for developing countries from globalized production in a new light, by relating them to risks involved in the production processes

    • Abhijit Chakraborty
    • , Tobias Reisch
    •  & Stefan Thurner

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Collective cooperation is found across many social and biological systems. Here, the authors find that infrequent hub updates promote the emergence of collective cooperation and develop an algorithm that optimises collective cooperation with update rates.

    • Yao Meng
    • , Sean P. Cornelius
    •  & Aming Li

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The authors test whether social values have become converged or diverged across national cultures over the last 40 years using a 76-country analysis of the World Values Survey. They show that values have diverged, especially between high-income Western countries and the rest of the world.

    • Joshua Conrad Jackson
    •  & Danila Medvedev

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Current desalination technologies are energy intensive and suffer from membrane degradation and fouling. Here, authors propose and explore the potential of thermodiffusion as a means of membrane-free, single-phase thermal desalination. A pathway towards a feasible thermodiffusive desalination is provided.

    • Shuqi Xu
    • , Alice J. Hutchinson
    •  & Juan F. Torres

  • Comment
    | Open Access

    Setting goals that are context-specific, relevant, and collectively shared is critical in adaptation. As necessary elements in target setting, imaginaries for adaptation and the language connected to them remain vague. Visuals produced through art-science collaborations can be great allies to (de)construct imaginaries and deglobalise discourses of adaptation.

    • Marta Olazabal
    • , Maria Loroño-Leturiondo
    •  & Josune Urrutia

  • Article
    | Open Access

    People have different latencies in processing amount and time attributes when making intertemporal choices. Here, the authors test the causal effect of these latencies on choice by altering the onset of amount and time information, which alters people’s patience.

    • Fadong Chen
    • , Jiehui Zheng
    •  & Ian Krajbich

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The origin and dispersal of the chicken across Eurasia is unclear. Here, the authors examine eggshell fragments from southern Central Asia with paleoproteomics to identify chicken eggshells, suggesting that chickens may have been an important dietary component as early as 400BCE.

    • Carli Peters
    • , Kristine K. Richter
    •  & Robert N. Spengler III

  • Comment
    | Open Access

    Sustainability of African weather and climate information can only be ensured by investing in improved scientific understanding, observational data, and model capability. These requirements must be underpinned by capacity development, knowledge management; and partnerships of co-production, communication and coordination.

    • Benjamin Lamptey
    • , Salah SAHABI ABED
    •  & Erik W. Kolstad

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Many surveys ask participants to retrospectively record their location of birth. Here, the authors find misreporting in retrospective birth location data in UK Biobank using data from siblings, which can lead to bias in estimates of the impact of location-based exposures.

    • Stephanie von Hinke
    •  & Nicolai Vitt

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Perception and appreciation of food flavour depends on many factors, posing a challenge for effective prediction. Here, the authors combine extensive chemical and sensory analyses of 250 commercial Belgian beers to train machine learning models that enable flavour and consumer appreciation prediction.

    • Michiel Schreurs
    • , Supinya Piampongsant
    •  & Kevin J. Verstrepen

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The COVID-19 pandemic affected mortality, fertility, and migration. Using the cohort component projection method, the authors find that if the pandemic had not occurred, the expected population of the U.S. would have been 2.1 million more people in 2025 and 1.7 million more people in 2060.

    • Andrea M. Tilstra
    • , Antonino Polizzi
    •  & Evelina T. Akimova

  • Article
    | Open Access

    This study shows that urban areas in the continental US are associated with decreased snowfall likelihood and frequency, in large part due to surface albedo contrasts with neighboring areas. They also see a faster decline in snow precipitation frequency with time.

    • Kaustubh Anil Salvi
    •  & Mukesh Kumar

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Using large-scale mobility data, the authors examine how the quality of food in mobile environments away from home affects food choice.

    • Bernardo García Bulle Bueno
    • , Abigail L. Horn
    •  & Esteban Moro

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The global atlas of unburnable oil shows that the most socio-environmentally sensitive areas, such as protected areas or biodiversity hotspots, need to be kept entirely off-limits to oil extraction in order to keep global warming under 1.5 °C.

    • Lorenzo Pellegrini
    • , Murat Arsel
    •  & Martí Orta-Martínez

  • Article
    | Open Access

    This study demonstrates how land-based carbon removals and the market-mediated responses are sensitive to mitigation policy strength and scope, illustrating that, despite trade-offs, both forestation and BECCS are integral to cost-effective 2 °C pathways.

    • Xin Zhao
    • , Bryan K. Mignone
    •  & Haewon C. McJeon

  • Article
    | Open Access

    China’s use of coal is complex to establish a clean and low-carbon transition for the country. With an uncertainty assessment framework, this study displays the risks of missing opportunities in obtaining cumulative positive net benefits and identifying an optimal transition strategy.

    • Xizhe Yan
    • , Dan Tong
    •  & Yu Lei

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Subsidies for coastal management and tax advantages for high-income property owners dampen the negative effects of climate risks on coastal property values. Without subsidies or tax advantages market prices better reflect climate risks, but coastal gentrification could accelerate.

    • Dylan E. McNamara
    • , Martin D. Smith
    •  & Craig E. Landry

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Building renovation is an urgent requirement to reduce the environmental impact associated with the building stock. In this paper, authors identify strategies for robust renovation considering uncertainties on the future and provide recommendations for the residential buildings in Switzerland.

    • Alina Galimshina
    • , Maliki Moustapha
    •  & Guillaume Habert

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Electric vehicle battery supply chains are currently vulnerable to supply disruptions in China, but research shows that the cumulative effect of multiple supply chain steps creates additional vulnerabilities across multiple critical battery minerals.

    • Anthony L. Cheng
    • , Erica R. H. Fuchs
    •  & Jeremy J. Michalek

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Mewes and colleagues show substantial and systematic differences in public climate change opinions across Germany that manifest between urban vs. rural and prospering vs. declining areas. Besides these geographic features, more complex historical and cultural differences between places play an important role.

    • Lars Mewes
    • , Leonie Tuitjer
    •  & Peter Dirksmeier

  • Article
    | Open Access

    An indirect impact of the COVID-19 pandemic was a decline in healthcare utilisation for other conditions. Here, the authors quantify this decline in the Netherlands and show that impacts were greater for individuals with lower household income, females, older people, and those with a migrant background.

    • Arun Frey
    • , Andrea M. Tilstra
    •  & Mark D. Verhagen

  • Comment
    | Open Access

    Millions of skeletal remains from South Asia were exported in red markets (the underground economy of human tissues/organs) to educational institutions globally for over a century. It is time to recognize the personhood of the people who were systematically made into anatomical objects and acknowledge the scientific racism in creating and continuing to use them.

    • Sabrina C. Agarwal

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The CONSORT-AI extension was developed to provide specific guidance for randomised controlled trials involving Artificial Intelligence (AI) interventions. Here, the authors show that since publication of CONSORT-AI, several AI-specific considerations remain systematically underreported.

    • Alexander P. L. Martindale
    • , Benjamin Ng
    •  & Xiaoxuan Liu

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Researchers developed an open-hardware structured illumination microscopy add-on. This affordable upgrade provides super-resolution capabilities for normal optical microscopes. Detailed instructions enable easy reproduction to help democratize advanced microscopy.

    • Mélanie T. M. Hannebelle
    • , Esther Raeth
    •  & Georg E. Fantner

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Information on the occurrence of aneuploidies in prehistory human populations are rare. Here, from a large screen of ancient human genomes and osteological examination, the authors find genetic evidence for six cases of trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) and one case of trisomy 18 (Edwards syndrome) in historic and prehistoric infants.

    • Adam Benjamin Rohrlach
    • , Maïté Rivollat
    •  & Kay Prüfer

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The Russian invasion of Ukraine has affected the global economy, environment, and political order. Here, the authors show that it also coincided with a temporary decline in psychological well-being across Europe.

    • Julian Scharbert
    • , Sarah Humberg
    •  & Mitja D. Back

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Xu and colleagues find that the average trophic level of aquatic food items in the human diet is declining (from 3.42 to 3.18) because of the considerable increase in low-trophic level aquaculture species output relative to that of capture fisheries since 1976. Additionally they find that trade has contributed to increasing the availability and trophic level of aquatic foods in >60% of the world’s countries.

    • Kangshun Zhao
    • , Steven D. Gaines
    •  & Jun Xu

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Extracting scientific data from published research is a complex task required specialised tools. Here the authors present a scheme based on large language models to automatise the retrieval of information from text in a flexible and accessible manner.

    • John Dagdelen
    • , Alexander Dunn
    •  & Anubhav Jain

  • Article
    | Open Access

    This study shows that ice loss and human water use models explain global and regional satellite-observed ocean mass changes since 2003 and thereby pinpoint the main cause of sea level rise, with a negligible role coming from natural variability.

    • Carsten Bjerre Ludwigsen
    • , Ole Baltazar Andersen
    •  & Matt A. King

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Link prediction in temporal networks is relevant for many real-world systems, however, current approaches are usually characterized by high computational costs. The authors propose a temporal link prediction framework based on the sequential stacking of static network features, for improved computational speed, appropriate for temporal networks with completely unobserved or partially observed target layers.

    • Xie He
    • , Amir Ghasemian
    •  & Peter J. Mucha

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Lithic cutting-edge productivity is a way of quantifying prehistoric human technological evolution. Here, the authors examine the Middle-to-Upper Paleolithic transition across eight assemblages in the eastern Mediterranean, finding the transition to be later than expected and associated with bladelet technology development.

    • Seiji Kadowaki
    • , Joe Yuichiro Wakano
    •  & Sate Massadeh

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