Article
|
Open Access
Featured
-
-
Article
| Open AccessSecretin-dependent signals in the ventromedial hypothalamus regulate energy metabolism and bone homeostasis in mice
The mechanism by which central secretin regulates metabolism is unclear. Here, the authors show that ventromedial hypothalamus-derived secretin maintains energy and bone homeostasis by controlling food intake and sympathetic nerve activity.
- Fengwei Zhang
- , Wei Qiao
- & Billy Kwok Chong Chow
-
Article
| Open AccessThe Piezo channel is a mechano-sensitive complex component in the mammalian inner ear hair cell
The identity of hair cells’ mechanoelectrical transduction (MET) channel-complex components is unknown. Here, the authors used multiple biochemical, genetic, and functional approaches to show that mouse hair cells utilize Piezo1 and Piezo2 isoforms as part of the MET-complex component.
- Jeong Han Lee
- , Maria C. Perez-Flores
- & Ebenezer N. Yamoah
-
Article
| Open AccessThe neural origin for asymmetric coding of surface color in the primate visual cortex
Whether end-spectral bias for red and blue in the visual cortex inherits from the pre-cortical stage or emerges within V1 remains incompletely understood. Here, the authors revealed a feedforward mechanism of end-spectral bias which is mainly transmitted through parvocellular pathway.
- Yujie Wu
- , Minghui Zhao
- & Dajun Xing
-
Article
| Open AccessMicroglia govern the extinction of acute stress-induced anxiety-like behaviors in male mice
Stress-related anxiety can gradually become extinct but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here, the authors show that microglial engulfment of dendritic spines promotes the extinction of acute stress-induced anxiety-like behaviors in mice.
- Danyang Chen
- , Qianqian Lou
- & Yan Jin
-
Article
| Open AccessHypothalamic CRH neurons represent physiological memory of positive and negative experience
How physiological memories are encoded is not fully understood. Here the authors show how physiological memories of aversive and appetitive experience are represented by corticotropin-releasing hormone synthesizing neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and demonstrate that behavioral readouts may not accurately reflect physiological changes invoked by the memory of salient experiences.
- Tamás Füzesi
- , Neilen P. Rasiah
- & Jaideep S. Bains
-
Article
| Open AccessVoltage sensors of a Na+ channel dissociate from the pore domain and form inter-channel dimers in the resting state
It is believed that voltage sensor domains (VSD) of voltage-gated Na+ channels are always attached to the channel. Here, authors find that VSDs detach from the channel to form inter-channel dimers.
- Ayumi Sumino
- , Takashi Sumikama
- & Katsumasa Irie
-
Article
| Open AccessLate gene therapy limits the restoration of retinal function in a mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa
Is there a critical period to deliver gene therapies in photoreceptor degeneration? Using a mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa, the authors show that once 70% of rods are lost, gene replacement fails to restore normal retinal output.
- Miranda L. Scalabrino
- , Mishek Thapa
- & Greg D. Field
-
Article
| Open AccessA synaptic corollary discharge signal suppresses midbrain visual processing during saccade-like locomotion
How the visual system differentiates between external motion and sensory input arising from self-motion is poorly understood. Here, the authors investigate how motor-related synaptic signals impact neural activity in a key visual center during locomotion.
- Mir Ahsan Ali
- , Katharina Lischka
- & Johann H. Bollmann
-
Article
| Open AccessElevator-like movements of prestin mediate outer hair cell electromotility
Probing the molecular dynamics of the membrane motor, prestin, with biophysical measures and MD simulations, Kuwabara et al. find that an elevator-like domain movement across the membrane produces the unique piezoelectric behavior.
- Makoto F. Kuwabara
- , Bassam G. Haddad
- & Dominik Oliver
-
Article
| Open AccessHuman thalamic low-frequency oscillations correlate with expected value and outcomes during reinforcement learning
The functional role of the human thalamus in reinforcement learning is debated. Here, using intra-thalamic recordings in humans, the authors report that thalamic low-frequency oscillations correlate with variables for learning from both reward and punishment.
- Antoine Collomb-Clerc
- , Maëlle C. M. Gueguen
- & Julien Bastin
-
Article
| Open AccessThe proton channel OTOP1 is a sensor for the taste of ammonium chloride
Ammonium is detected by chemosensory systems of humans and other animals to guide avoidance or attractive behavior. Here, the authors show that the proton channel OTOP1 is activated by ammonium, is required for ammonium taste responses in mice, and identify a conserved residue involved in ammonium sensitivity.
- Ziyu Liang
- , Courtney E. Wilson
- & Emily R. Liman
-
Article
| Open AccessIctogenesis proceeds through discrete phases in hippocampal CA1 seizures in mice
Predicting seizure onsets may allow for seizure prevention in patients. Here, authors show two distinct phases that always preceded temporal lobe seizures in mice, with activity confined within these two phases failing to progress into a seizure.
- John-Sebastian Mueller
- , Fabio C. Tescarollo
- & Hai Sun
-
Article
| Open AccessHigh-dimensional topographic organization of visual features in the primate temporal lobe
The functional organisation of the inferotemporal cortex is not well understood. Here, the authors construct a multi-dimensional space of visual features using deep neural networks, and show the spatial organisation of feature preference in both human and monkey inferotemporal cortex.
- Mengna Yao
- , Bincheng Wen
- & Le Chang
-
Article
| Open AccessIncreasing associative plasticity in temporo-occipital back-projections improves visual perception of emotions
Temporo-occipital areas are involved in perceiving emotional faces. Here, the authors show that strengthening back-projections from temporal to occipital areas enhances visual cortex’s response to face stimuli and perception of emotions from them.
- Sara Borgomaneri
- , Marco Zanon
- & Alessio Avenanti
-
Article
| Open AccessPurinergic signaling mediates neuroglial interactions to modulate sighs
Sighs are augmented breaths necessary to maintain normal breathing. Here, the authors show that sighs are generated within the preBötzinger complex by emergent network properties that involve neuroglial interactions mediated by purinergic signaling as well as intrinsic and extrinsic modulatory inputs.
- Liza J. Severs
- , Nicholas E. Bush
- & Jan-Marino Ramirez
-
Matters Arising
| Open AccessReply to: Fluid signal suppression characteristics of 3D-FLAIR with a T2 selective inversion pulse in the skull base
- Mehmet Sait Albayram
- , Garrett Smith
- & Onder Albayram
-
Article
| Open AccessStimulus edges induce orientation tuning in superior colliculus
Whether orientation columns exist in the mouse superior colliculus remains unknown. Here, the authors found that orientation columns are dynamically induced by stimulus edge and the resulting stimulus-dependent tuning is associated with saliency encoding.
- Yajie Liang
- , Rongwen Lu
- & Na Ji
-
Article
| Open AccessIntermediate filaments associate with aggresome-like structures in proteostressed C. elegans neurons and influence large vesicle extrusions as exophers
High neuronal proteostress can trigger the production of aggregate-filled exophers in C. elegans. Here authors show that such extrusion relies on aggregate-associated intermediate filaments and adaptors.
- Meghan Lee Arnold
- , Jason Cooper
- & Monica Driscoll
-
Article
| Open AccessChemogenetic dissection of a prefrontal-hypothalamic circuit for socially subjective reward valuation in macaques
How subjective reward value is affected by social comparison remains poorly understood. Here, the authors show a crucial role for the circuit from the medial prefrontal cortex to the lateral hypothalamus in subjective value modulation in social contexts.
- Atsushi Noritake
- , Taihei Ninomiya
- & Masaki Isoda
-
Article
| Open AccessSynaptotagmin-1-dependent phasic axonal dopamine release is dispensable for basic motor behaviors in mice
Synaptotagmin 1 is involved in dopamine release. Here the authors investigate the effect of loss of Syt1 in midbrain dopaminergic neurons in mice, and find that unconditioned motor behaviour and motivation for food, are intact.
- Benoît Delignat-Lavaud
- , Jana Kano
- & Louis-Éric Trudeau
-
Article
| Open AccessTRPA1 activation in non-sensory supporting cells contributes to regulation of cochlear sensitivity after acoustic trauma
The function of TRPA1 channels in the mammalian cochlea is poorly understood. Here, the authors show that TRPA1 channels in supporting cells of the organ of Corti mediate contractile responses that may contribute to temporary shifts in hearing thresholds after noise exposure in mice.
- A. Catalina Vélez-Ortega
- , Ruben Stepanyan
- & Gregory I. Frolenkov
-
Article
| Open AccessRare phenomena of central rhythm and pattern generation in a case of complete spinal cord injury
The existence of dedicated spinal circuits generating locomotion in humans has remained controversial. Here, the authors study distinct forms of spontaneous and induced rhythmic leg activity in a paralyzed individual, providing insight into spinal rhythmogenesis and pattern formation.
- Karen Minassian
- , Aymeric Bayart
- & Ursula S. Hofstoetter
-
Article
| Open AccessNatural killer cells and innate lymphoid cells 1 tune anxiety-like behavior and memory in mice via interferon-γ and acetylcholine
The meningeal compartment communicates with the brain to modulate homeostatic functions. Here, the authors demonstrate that natural killer (NK) cells and innate lymphoid cells (ILC) 1 shape synaptic neuronal transmission and affect mouse behavior.
- Stefano Garofalo
- , Germana Cocozza
- & Cristina Limatola
-
Article
| Open AccessAnatomical and functional maturation of the mid-gestation human enteric nervous system
Dershowitz and colleagues assess second trimester human fetal enteric nervous system development and function. They describe structural reorganization of the enteric nervous system that corresponds to gastrointestinal motility onset in ex vivo preparations.
- Lori B. Dershowitz
- , Li Li
- & Julia A. Kaltschmidt
-
Article
| Open AccessDerepression may masquerade as activation in ligand-gated ion channels
Ligand-gated ion channels are activated/opened by agonists. Tessier et al. show that agonists can inhibit the inhibition of intrinsic basal activity, and thus that activation may instead be the manifestation of a derepression mechanism.
- Christian J. G. Tessier
- , Johnathon R. Emlaw
- & Corrie J. B. daCosta
-
Article
| Open AccessAstrocytic chloride is brain state dependent and modulates inhibitory neurotransmission in mice
Astrocytes act as a dynamic Cl− reservoir regulating Cl− homeostasis in the CNS. Astrocytic Cl− is high and stable during sleep, it is lower during wakefulness and fluctuates in response to sensory input and motor activity. Efflux of Cl− from astrocytes supports inhibitory transmission in the CNS.
- Verena Untiet
- , Felix R. M. Beinlich
- & Maiken Nedergaard
-
Article
| Open AccessCharacterizing brain dynamics during ketamine-induced dissociation and subsequent interactions with propofol using human intracranial neurophysiology
The neural mechanisms underpinning ketamine’s dissociative and antidepressant effects remain poorly understood. Here, the authors analyzed ketamine-induced brain dynamics with intracranial recordings in humans and found that ketamine engages different brain areas in distinct frequency-dependent patterns that may relate to its dissociative and antidepressant effects.
- Fangyun Tian
- , Laura D. Lewis
- & Patrick L. Purdon
-
Article
| Open AccessA photoswitchable inhibitor of TREK channels controls pain in wild-type intact freely moving animals
Research on pain often relies on animals, and there is always a need for more precise and more ethical tools. Here, authors present a light-activatable molecule that induces pain in freely moving animal models in a reversible, non-invasive, and spatiotemporally defined way.
- Arnaud Landra-Willm
- , Ameya Karapurkar
- & Guillaume Sandoz
-
Article
| Open AccessSubcellular analysis of blood-brain barrier function by micro-impalement of vessels in acute brain slices
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) tightly and dynamically regulates exchange with the brain. Here, the authors report a brain slice approach to study the native BBB in a highly controlled manner by combining intravascular perfusion and multiphoton microscopy.
- Amira Sayed Hanafy
- , Pia Steinlein
- & Dirk Dietrich
-
Article
| Open AccessSensory nerve niche regulates mesenchymal stem cell homeostasis via FGF/mTOR/autophagy axis
Sensory nerves are important for tissue homeostasis. Here the authors show that sensory nerves contribute to Mesenchymal stem cell maintenance via FGF1, mTOR signaling and autophagy.
- Fei Pei
- , Li Ma
- & Yang Chai
-
Article
| Open AccessChronic stress causes striatal disinhibition mediated by SOM-interneurons in male mice
Chronic stress can trigger or worsen motor symptoms in neuropsychiatric disorders. Here, the authors show that SOM interneurons in the striatum are involved in stress-induced motor behaviors.
- Diana Rodrigues
- , Luis Jacinto
- & Patricia Monteiro
-
Article
| Open AccessCholinergic basal forebrain degeneration due to sleep-disordered breathing exacerbates pathology in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease
Sleep-disordered breathing is a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease. Here the authors use mesopontine tegmentum lesion to model sleep disordered breathing in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease, and find that some features of the Alzheimer’s disease-like phenotype are exacerbated.
- Lei Qian
- , Oliver Rawashdeh
- & Elizabeth J. Coulson
-
Article
| Open AccessExportin 4 depletion leads to nuclear accumulation of a subset of circular RNAs
This study identifies the evolutionarily conserved Exportin 4 as an essential regulator in the nuclear export of circRNAs. Defective circRNA export results in R-loop formation and DNA damage in cells, as well as testis and neurological defects in mice.
- Liang Chen
- , Yucong Wang
- & Ge Shan
-
Article
| Open AccessFunctional neuronal circuitry and oscillatory dynamics in human brain organoids
Brain organoids replicate cellular organization found in the developing human brain. Here, the authors utilize microelectronics to map activity in brain organoids and assemble functional circuits that mirror complexity found in brain networks in vivo.
- Tal Sharf
- , Tjitse van der Molen
- & Kenneth S. Kosik
-
Article
| Open AccessA temperature-regulated circuit for feeding behavior
Feeding behavior is modulated by ambient temperature, as lower temperatures increase the necessity for energy intake and vice versa. Here the authors identify neuronal pathways that control feeding in a temperature-dependent manner.
- Shaowen Qian
- , Sumei Yan
- & Yi Zhou
-
Article
| Open AccessSelective activation of Gαob by an adenosine A1 receptor agonist elicits analgesia without cardiorespiratory depression
Wall et al. describe the selective activation of an adenosine A1 receptor-mediated intracellular pathway that provides potent analgesia in the absence of sedation or cardiorespiratory depression, paving the way for novel medicines based on the far-reaching concept of selective Gα agonism.
- Mark J. Wall
- , Emily Hill
- & Bruno G. Frenguelli
-
Article
| Open AccessPeriarteriolar spaces modulate cerebrospinal fluid transport into brain and demonstrate altered morphology in aging and Alzheimer’s disease
The precise boundaries and flow compartments of perivascular spaces in the brain are incompletely understood. Here the authors show that pia is perforated and permissive to CSF flow, forming three types of perivascular spaces that remodel with age, with an abnormal type arising in Alzheimer’s disease and correlating with β-amyloid burden and differential macrophage uptake.
- Humberto Mestre
- , Natasha Verma
- & Rupal I. Mehta
-
Article
| Open AccessDietary restriction and the transcription factor clock delay eye aging to extend lifespan in Drosophila Melanogaster
Circadian dysfunction is a potential driver of eye aging. Here the authors report that in conjunction with the core molecular clock transcription factor Clock, dietary restriction promotes rhythmic homeostatic mechanisms within photoreceptors to delay visual senescence and extend lifespan in Drosophila Melanogaster.
- Brian A. Hodge
- , Geoffrey T. Meyerhof
- & Pankaj Kapahi
-
Article
| Open AccessMidbrain projection to the basolateral amygdala encodes anxiety-like but not depression-like behaviors
Anxiety and depression are highly comorbid, yet the distinct or shared neurobiological correlates of anxiety remain elusive. Here, Morel et al. define that the midbrain projection to the basolateral amygdala control anxiety but not depression.
- Carole Morel
- , Sarah E. Montgomery
- & Ming-Hu Han
-
Article
| Open AccessSpinal cord injury impairs cardiac function due to impaired bulbospinal sympathetic control
By combining experimental models with prospective clinical studies, the authors show that spinal cord injury causes a rapid reduction in cardiac function that precedes structural changes, and that the loss of descending sympathetic control is the major cause of reduced cardiac function following spinal cord injury.
- Mary P. M. Fossey
- , Shane J. T. Balthazaar
- & Christopher R. West
-
Article
| Open AccessNeuroanatomy in a middle Cambrian mollisoniid and the ancestral nervous system organization of chelicerates
Here, the authors report a preserved central nervous system in the soft-bodied stem-group chelicerate Mollisonia symmetrica from the mid-Cambrian Burgess Shale. The neuroanatomy described here is proposed to represent the ancestral state for the stem group Chelicerata.
- Javier Ortega-Hernández
- , Rudy Lerosey-Aubril
- & James C. Weaver
-
Article
| Open AccessNetwork-driven anomalous transport is a fundamental component of brain microvascular dysfunction
Blood microcirculation supplies neurons with oxygen and nutrients, and contributes to clearing their neurotoxic waste. Here, the authors analyse blood flow simulations to establish the physical laws linking the microvascular architecture to the macroscopic transport properties that control oxygen supply and waste clearance.
- Florian Goirand
- , Tanguy Le Borgne
- & Sylvie Lorthois
-
Article
| Open AccessDamaged brain accelerates bone healing by releasing small extracellular vesicles that target osteoprogenitors
Concomitant traumatic brain injury accelerates bone healing, but the mechanism is unclear. Here, the authors show that injured neurons, mainly those in the hippocampus, release osteogenic miRNA-enriched small extracellular vesicles, which targete osteoprogenitors to stimulate bone formation.
- Wei Xia
- , Jing Xie
- & Xiaochun Bai
-
Article
| Open AccessDisordered breathing in a Pitt-Hopkins syndrome model involves Phox2b-expressing parafacial neurons and aberrant Nav1.8 expression
Disordered breathing is a hallmark of Pitt-Hopkins syndrome (PTHS), yet little is known regarding how loss of Tcf4 (gene associated with PTHS) affects development and function of respiratory neurons. Here, the authors show that parafacial respiratory neurons are selectively disrupted in a mouse model of PTHS, and central Nav1.8 channels can be targeted to improve PTHS-associated behavior abnormalities.
- C. M. Cleary
- , S. James
- & D. K. Mulkey
-
Article
| Open AccessBrief segments of neurophysiological activity enable individual differentiation
We all have the intuition that our brain makes us unique. Here, the authors show that seconds of brain activity are sufficient to differentiate an individual, even when recorded weeks or months apart.
- Jason da Silva Castanheira
- , Hector Domingo Orozco Perez
- & Sylvain Baillet
-
Article
| Open AccessA nutrient-responsive hormonal circuit mediates an inter-tissue program regulating metabolic homeostasis in adult Drosophila
Maintaining metabolic homeostasis during feeding and fasting states is critical to animal survival. Here the authors show that Capa hormone signaling, homologs to mammalian Neuromedin U, helps control homeostasis via regulation of nutrient uptake and energy storage in Drosophila.
- Takashi Koyama
- , Selim Terhzaz
- & Kenneth V. Halberg
-
Article
| Open AccessChoice-relevant information transformation along a ventrodorsal axis in the medial prefrontal cortex
Choice-relevant computations across the medial prefrontal cortex differ only quantitatively between areas. Here the authors suggest these computations may be organized along a functional gradient.
- David J.-N. Maisson
- , Tyler V. Cash-Padgett
- & Jan Zimmermann
-
Article
| Open AccessCell specific photoswitchable agonist for reversible control of endogenous dopamine receptors
In this study, the authors develop a photo-pharmacological strategy using a Membrane anchored Photoswitchable orthogonal remotely tethered agonist for the Dopamine receptor (MP-D) to selectively and reversibly modulate the D1R receptor subtype.
- Prashant Donthamsetti
- , Nils Winter
- & Ehud Isacoff
-
Article
| Open AccessMiniature neurotransmission is required to maintain Drosophila synaptic structures during ageing
Synaptic structures disintegrate and fragment as ageing progresses. Here the authors find that miniature neurotransmission is required to maintain adult motor synapse structures in Drosophila and that increasing miniature events can preserve motor ability during ageing.
- Soumya Banerjee
- , Samuel Vernon
- & Brian D. McCabe