Metabolic syndrome articles from across Nature Portfolio

The dietary factors causing varying intergenerational responses are not fully identified. Here, the authors show that the relative proportion of protein, fats, and carbohydrates in paternal diets before conception differentially influences the phenotype of the next-generation offspring on energy metabolism and behaviour.

Ding et al. find a mechanism coordinating fatty acid and glucose supply. Glucose-driven Golgi phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate levels impact the assembly of E3 ligase complex CUL7–FBXW8, controlling adipose triglyceride lipase levels and lipolysis.

Adipose tissue adapts to overnutrition in a complex process, wherein specialized immune cells remove and replace dysfunctional and stressed adipocytes with new fat cells. Here, the authors show that the deletion of TM4SF19 expressed in lipid-associated macrophages, enhances the clearance of dying adipocytes, thereby improving local and systemic insulin sensitivity as well as energy expenditure.

Improved understanding of the interrelated nature of cardiovascular, kidney and metabolic (CKM) health, the development of novel risk prediction equations, and the availability of powerful new therapies provide an opportunity to change the course of CKM health. Achieving such change at a population level will require additional advances to deliver equitable interdisciplinary care.

The metabolic dysfunction that characterizes obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus affects not only the heart and kidneys, but also the liver. Although lifestyle modification remains the cornerstone in the management of metabolic liver diseases, the field has progressed this year, with a new definition, validation of non-invasive biomarkers and numerous clinical trials.

Steatotic liver disease has emerged as an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease. Successful treatment of steatotic liver disease might also be effective in preventing these cardiometabolic diseases.

Over the past decade, technological advances have enabled cost-efficient, high-throughput analysis of different types of omics data in large human cohorts. Here, we explore insights into the pathophysiology of metabolic disorders revealed through multi-omics studies, discuss novel computational analysis techniques and look at the field’s future directions.