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Immunological surveillance is a monitoring process of the immune system to detect and destroy virally infected and neoplastically transformed cells in the body.
Here, English et al. show that after expanding in lymphoid tissues, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells recognising hepatic antigens migrate into specialised vascular liver areas where CD4+ T cells locally license hepatic dendritic cells and further expand CD8+ T cell numbers.
Tumor neoantigens versus tumor-associated antigens may have different functions in antitumor immunity depending on the strength of antigen recognition. Here the authors characterize CD8 T cell clones specific for TAA, neoantigens or viral antigens isolated from tumor and blood and show that neoantigen-specific clones have a higher structural avidity than TAA-specific ones and preferentially infiltrate tumors.
Lysophosphatidic acid is known to increase in concentration in multiple cancer types. Here, the authors show it affects CD8 T cell metabolism, phenotype, and effector functions, and plasma concentrations appear predictive of response to immunotherapy.
In this Review, Künzli and Masopust provide updates on our understanding of the biology of memory CD4+ T cells as well as key technological advances that facilitate their characterization.
Analysis of peripheral mycobacteria-reactive CD4+ T cell receptor sequences from individuals infected with Mycobacteriumtuberculosis shows a high degree of overlap between progressors and controllers, but points to some distinct clonotypes that are enriched in either group.
A newly described subset of innate-like lymphocytes with cytotoxic capabilities is shown to have an important role in cancer immunosurveillance. This cell population is broadly self-reactive, has a unique ontogeny and gains cytotoxic potential on sensing IL-15 in tumours.
Steady-state sensing of Skint1 on keratinocytes by the γδ T cell receptor on dendritic epidermal T cells (DETCs) maintains DETCs in a poised state ready to respond to subsequent distress signals and restore epithelial homeostasis.
Crosstalk between the dendritic epidermal γδ T cell (DETC) T cell receptor and Skint1 expressed by keratinocytes at steady state regulates epidermal barrier function and maintains DETC responsiveness.
