Hepatitis articles from across Nature Portfolio

Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is characterized by rapid deterioration of liver function in patients with chronic liver disease. Here, the authors show that BTLA expression in CD4⁺ T cells is associated with disease severity and inflammation in hepatitis B virus-related ACLF.

Here, English et al. show that after expanding in lymphoid tissues, CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells recognising hepatic antigens migrate into specialised vascular liver areas where CD4⁺ T cells locally license hepatic dendritic cells and further expand CD8⁺ T cell numbers.

Innovative approaches to increase testing are needed to achieve the 2030 hepatitis B and hepatitis C elimination targets. Zhang et al., partnering with local community organizations, successfully used a pay-it-forward approach to increase hepatitis B and hepatitis C testing among men who have sex with men in China.

Strong multidisciplinary support and political commitment have helped Spain become one of the countries most likely to eliminate hepatitis C. In this Comment, we set out six key elements of the Spanish elimination effort that can serve as a model elsewhere and the remaining barriers to overcome.