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Dysbiosis is the condition of having imbalances in the microbial communities either in or on the body. Dysbiosis is associated with many diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease and chronic fatigue syndrome.
Authors utilise a murine model of infection to provide mechanistic insight into how antimicrobial therapy may be a predisposing risk factor for hospital-acquired pneumonia. They show that antibiotic-induced microbiota perturbations compromise inflammatory monocytes and thereby impair antibacterial defence.
In this Journal Club, Tao Zuo discusses a study by Gogokhia et al. who found that gut bacteriophages can alter mucosal immunity to impact mammalian health.
To therapeutically modulate gut microbial ecosystems, a better understanding of gut ecology is key. High-throughput in vitro ecology provides a tool with the necessary power to address these needs and interpersonal treatment response variation.
This study shows that a high-fat diet and antibiotic treatment impair mitochondrial bioenergetics, which increases epithelial oxygenation and triggers dysbiosis and pre-inflammatory bowel disease.
