Crohn's disease articles from across Nature Portfolio

Wireless miniaturized implantable temperature sensors enable real-time monitoring of the progression of inflammatory bowel diseases, as shown in a mouse model of Crohn’s-disease-like ileitis.

The clinical success of anti- αEβ7 antibody Etrolizumab for Crohn’s disease is less than what is expected based on proof-of-concept studies. Here authors show, by characterization of T cells from Etrolizumab-treated patients, in vitro functional assays and reanalysis of public single cell datasets on Etrolizumab-treated patients, that at high level of T cell activation, which characterises T cells in Crohn’s disease, E-Cadherin-αEβ7 interactions become resistant to Etrolizumab inhibition.

Important studies published in 2023 outlined new agents and strategies for the management of inflammatory bowel disease. Therapeutic ambitions for the management of inflammatory bowel disease were raised by the success of combinations of biologic agents in ulcerative colitis and early surgical resection in Crohn’s disease.

Aberrant immune responses to the intestinal microbiome have emerged as major contributors to chronic intestinal inflammation, but the microbial species involved in inflammatory bowel diseases remain unknown. Our study identified dietary and commensal yeasts of the gut that drive the expansion of some cross-reactive CD4⁺ type 1 helper T cells with cytotoxic effector functions, which potentially contributes to immunopathology in patients with Crohn’s disease.

Recent clinical trials have demonstrated efficacy and safety of etrasimod, a new sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulator, in the treatment of patients with moderately-to-severely active ulcerative colitis. Etrasimod is a promising new oral treatment option for ulcerative colitis, although long-term efficacy and safety data should be accumulated.