Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs of the biofilm formed
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs of the biofilm formed on cast iron coupons at (a and b) 37 and 70 days, respectively, without disinfectant; (c and d) 37 and 70 days, respectively with the disinfectant chlorine. Disinfectant such as chlorine is used to treat drinking water in urban areas. Note abundant EPS-rich aggregates that are apparent in biofilms when exposed to chlorine (c and d).
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Bacteria permeate virtually every corner of the Earth. Most bacteria live in a biofilm state to enhance their survival and propagation, and to perform essential tasks for many ecosystems.
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