Many of the mammalian cell cycle genes were first identified and studied in yeast.
In each cell division cycle, chromosomes are replicated once (DNA synthesis or S-phase) and segregated to create two genetically identical daughter cells (mitosis or M-phase). These events are spaced by intervals of growth and reorganization (gap phases G1 and G2). Cells can stop cycling after division, entering a state of quiescence (G0). Commitment to traverse an entire cycle is made in late G1. Progress through the cycle is accomplished in part by the regulated activity of numerous CDK-cyclin complexes.
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