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A Toxin against Pain

For years, scientists have promised a new wave of drugs derived from sea life. A recently approved analgesic that is a synthetic version of a snail toxin has become one of the first marine pharmaceuticals


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The past 18 months were very good ones for hypnotists, yoga teachers and acupuncturists. For many chronic pain sufferers, promises of relief from various forms of alternative medicine seemed like rational options amid the unending stream of negative reports about Vioxx, Celebrex, Aleve and Rush Limbaugh's addiction to painkillers.

Not all was lost for patients who prefer medicine to meditation. With little fanfare, the Food and Drug Administration approved in late December two new drugs intended to treat a form of pain that often proves resistant to anti-inflammatories and opiates--the two predominant classes of pharmaceuticals for analgesia. Medical specialists welcomed their arrival. "It's an embarrassment that we're treating pain with opiates and aspirinlike compounds," notes Edwin McCleskey of the Oregon Health and Sciences University. "Opiates are more than 2,000 years old, and aspirin is nearly 200 years old."

Gary Stix, the neuroscience and psychology editor for Scientific American, edits and reports on emerging advances that have propelled brain science to the forefront of the biological sciences. Stix has edited or written cover stories, feature articles and news on diverse topics, ranging from what happens in the brain when a person is immersed in thought to the impact of brain implant technology that alleviates mood disorders like depression. Before taking over the neuroscience beat, Stix, as Scientific American's special projects editor, oversaw the magazine's annual single-topic special issues, conceiving of and producing issues on Einstein, Darwin, climate change and nanotechnology. One special issue he edited on the topic of time in all of its manifestations won a National Magazine Award. Stix is the author with his wife Miriam Lacob of a technology primer called Who Gives a Gigabyte: A Survival Guide to the Technologically Perplexed.

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Scientific American Magazine Vol 292 Issue 4This article was originally published with the title “A Toxin against Pain” in Scientific American Magazine Vol. 292 No. 4 ()