Distillery: Therapeutics
October 29 2009, Volume 2 / Number 42
Autoimmune disease
Autoimmune disease; Crohn's disease; multiple sclerosis (MS); myasthenia gravis; rheumatoid arthritis (RA); selective IgA deficiency; systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE); ulcerative colitis (UC)
Major histocompatibility complex class I C (HLA-C); major histocompatibility complex class II DQ α1 (HLA-DQA1); HLA-DQB1; major histocompatibility complex class II DR β1 (HLA-DRB1)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2009.1558
A genotyping study identified HLA genetic loci that could help predict susceptibility to seven autoimmune disorders.
Summary - Major histocompatibility complex class I C (HLA-C); major histocompatibility complex class II DQ α1 (HLA-DQA1); HLA-DQB1; major histocompatibility complex class II DR β1 (HLA-DRB1) | PDF (118 KB) - Major histocompatibility complex class I C (HLA-C); major histocompatibility complex class II DQ α1 (HLA-DQA1); HLA-DQB1; major histocompatibility complex class II DR β1 (HLA-DRB1)
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
Peroxisome proliferation–activated receptor-δ (PPARD; PPARδ)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2009.1559
Studies in cell culture and in mice suggest that PPARδ agonists could help treat SLE.
Summary - Peroxisome proliferation–activated receptor-δ (PPARD; PPARδ) | PDF (112 KB) - Peroxisome proliferation–activated receptor-δ (PPARD; PPARδ)
Cancer
B cell lymphoma
CD20
doi:10.1038/scibx.2009.1560
In vitro and mouse studies identified a mutant variant of the anti-CD20 mAb Rituxan rituximab that could be used to treat B cell lymphomas.
Cancer
ATG3 autophagy-related 3 homolog (ATG3); viral FLICE-like inhibitory protein (FLIP)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2009.1561
Studies in mice and in cell culture suggest that triggering cell death with FLIP-derived peptides could help prevent virus-induced cancers like Kaposi's sarcoma and primary effusion lymphoma.
Summary - ATG3 autophagy-related 3 homolog (ATG3); viral FLICE-like inhibitory protein (FLIP) | PDF (107 KB) - ATG3 autophagy-related 3 homolog (ATG3); viral FLICE-like inhibitory protein (FLIP)
Cancer
K-Ras (KRAS); NF-κB; TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2009.1562
A study in cell culture suggests that inhibiting TBK1 could help treat K-Ras-driven cancers.
Summary - K-Ras (KRAS); NF-κB; TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) | PDF (107 KB) - K-Ras (KRAS); NF-κB; TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1)
Cancer
Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR; FRAP; RAFT1); mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1); mTORC2
doi:10.1038/scibx.2009.1563
Studies in cell culture identified pyrazolopyrimidine analogs as mTOR inhibitors that could help treat cancer.
Summary - Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR; FRAP; RAFT1); mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1); mTORC2 | PDF (112 KB) - Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR; FRAP; RAFT1); mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1); mTORC2
Cancer
T helper 17 (Th17) cells; IL-17; chemokine CC motif ligand 20 (CCL20; MIP3A); monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1; CCL2)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2009.1564
Studies in mice suggest that adoptive transfer of tumor-specific Th17 cells could help treat cancer.
Summary - T helper 17 (Th17) cells; IL-17; chemokine CC motif ligand 20 (CCL20; MIP3A); monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1; CCL2) | PDF (110 KB) - T helper 17 (Th17) cells; IL-17; chemokine CC motif ligand 20 (CCL20; MIP3A); monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1; CCL2)
Cancer
TTK protein kinase (TTK; MPS1)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2009.1565
A study in cell culture suggests that antagonizing MPS1 could increase the efficacy of paclitaxel in treating cancer.
Summary - TTK protein kinase (TTK; MPS1) | PDF (110 KB) - TTK protein kinase (TTK; MPS1)
Colon cancer
TRAF2 and NCK interacting kinase (TNIK)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2009.1566
In vitro studies suggest that TNIK inhibitors could help treat colon cancer.
Summary - TRAF2 and NCK interacting kinase (TNIK) | PDF (107 KB) - TRAF2 and NCK interacting kinase (TNIK)
Non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Epidermal growth factor receptor 1 (HER1; ERBB1); HER2 (ERBB2; neu)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2009.1567
Studies in cells and in rats suggest that a class of dual HER1 and HER2 inhibitors could help treat drug-resistant NSCLC.
Summary - Epidermal growth factor receptor 1 (HER1; ERBB1); HER2 (ERBB2; neu) | PDF (114 KB) - Epidermal growth factor receptor 1 (HER1; ERBB1); HER2 (ERBB2; neu)
Cardiovascular disease
Ischemia; reperfusion injury
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1A; HIF1α)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2009.1568
Studies in mice suggest that adenoviral delivery of HIF1A could help treat critical limb ischemia in diabetics.
Summary - Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1A; HIF1α) | PDF (109 KB) - Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1A; HIF1α)
Endocrine disease
Diabetes
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP1R; GLP-1R)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2009.1569
A study in mice identified several long-acting, bile acid–derivatized exendin-4 molecules that could help treat type 2 diabetes.
Summary - Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP1R; GLP-1R) | PDF (109 KB) - Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP1R; GLP-1R)
Gastrointestinal disease
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD); gastroparesis
Motilin receptor
doi:10.1038/scibx.2009.1570
In vitro studies identified a methylacetamide analog of erythromycin A as a motilin receptor agonist that could help treat gastric emptying disorders, which are at least partly mediated by the motilin hormone.
Summary - Motilin receptor | PDF (111 KB) - Motilin receptor
Inflammation
Allergy; asthma
MicroRNA-126 (miRNA-126)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2009.1571
Studies in mice suggest that inhibiting miRNA-126 could help treat allergen-induced asthma.
Summary - MicroRNA-126 (miRNA-126) | PDF (112 KB) - MicroRNA-126 (miRNA-126)
Musculoskeletal disease
Bone repair
Integrin α5 (CD49e)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2009.1572
In vitro studies suggest that agonizing CD49e in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) could help treat bone disorders.
Summary - Integrin α5 (CD49e) | PDF (110 KB) - Integrin α5 (CD49e)
Muscular dystrophy
Transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 3 (TRPC3)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2009.1573
Studies in mice suggest that blocking TRPC3 could help treat muscular dystrophy.
Summary - Transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 3 (TRPC3) | PDF (107 KB) - Transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 3 (TRPC3)
Neurology
Alzheimer's disease (AD)
Amyloid-β (A4) precursor protein (APP)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2009.1574
A study in mice suggests that targeting the intracellular domain fragment of APP could help treat AD.
Summary - Amyloid-β (A4) precursor protein (APP) | PDF (109 KB) - Amyloid-β (A4) precursor protein (APP)
Multiple sclerosis (MS)
Notch homolog 1 translocation-associated (NOTCH1)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2009.1575
Studies in human cells and in mice suggest that inhibiting NOTCH1 could help treat MS and other demyelinating diseases.
Summary - Notch homolog 1 translocation-associated (NOTCH1) | PDF (112 KB) - Notch homolog 1 translocation-associated (NOTCH1)
Neurology
Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE-4)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2009.1576
Studies in murine hippocampal samples and in mice suggest that inhibiting PDE-4 could help reduce cognitive deficits associated with sleep deprivation.
Summary - Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE-4) | PDF (109 KB) - Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE-4)
Pain
9-Hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (9-HODE); 9-oxo-octadecadienoic acid (9-oxoODE); 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE); 13-oxo-octadecadienoic acid (13-oxoODE); transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1; VR1)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2009.1577
A study in rats suggests that inhibiting the activation of TRPV1 by oxidized linoleic acid metabolites could help treat pain.
Summary - 9-Hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (9-HODE); 9-oxo-octadecadienoic acid (9-oxoODE); 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE); 13-oxo-octadecadienoic acid (13-oxoODE); transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1; VR1) | PDF (111 KB) - 9-Hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (9-HODE); 9-oxo-octadecadienoic acid (9-oxoODE); 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE); 13-oxo-octadecadienoic acid (13-oxoODE); transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1; VR1)
Spinal cord injury (SCI)
Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type S (PTPRS; PTPδ)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2009.1578
In vitro and mouse studies suggest that inhibiting PTPRS could help treat SCI.
Summary - Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type S (PTPRS; PTPδ) | PDF (112 KB) - Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type S (PTPRS; PTPδ)
Ophthalmic disease
Glaucoma; ocular hypertension
LIM domain kinase 2 (LIMK2)
doi:10.1038/scibx.2009.1579
In vitro and mouse studies identified inhibitors of LIMK2 that could help treat ocular hypertension.
Summary - LIM domain kinase 2 (LIMK2) | PDF (109 KB) - LIM domain kinase 2 (LIMK2)
