Oncogene

FIGURE 2

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Fusion tyrosine kinases: a result and cause of genomic instability

E T P Penserga and T Skorski

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Figure 2.

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Hypothetical mechanisms for the formation of reciprocal chromosomal translocations encoding FTKs. Signals from activated growth factor receptors and other extra- and intra-cellular sources stimulate the production of ROS, which cause oxidative DNA damage. BER, NER and MMR are involved in the repair of oxidative DNA lesions and prevention of DSBs formation. DSBs can result from uncompleted repair of two oxidative lesions located on different strands at a distance of 7 or less base pairs, or if the replication fork encounters an oxidative lesion. In addition, DSBs can be generated by radiation, replication stress and special chromatin structures. DSBs, if repaired unfaithfully, may cause chromosomal translocations encoding for FTKs.

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