Abstract
Genetically modified mice have provided important insights into the biological functions of the dimeric transcription factor complex AP-1. Extensive analyses of mice and cells with genetically modified Fos or Jun proteins provide novel insights into the physiological functions of AP-1 proteins. Using knock-out strategies it was found that some components, such as c-Fos, FosB and JunD are dispensable, whereas others, like c-Jun, JunB and Fra-1 are essential in embryonic development and/or in the adult organism. Besides the specific roles of AP-1 proteins in developmental processes, we are beginning to obtain a better molecular understanding of the cell-context dependent function of AP-1 in cell proliferation and apoptosis, in bone biology as well as in multistep tumorigenesis.
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank A Fleischmann, A Grigoriadis, K Matsuo, M Sibilia and M Schorpp-Kistner for critical comments on the manuscript. The authors acknowledge the financial support from the EC TMR network.
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Jochum, W., Passegué, E. & Wagner, E. AP-1 in mouse development and tumorigenesis. Oncogene 20, 2401–2412 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1204389
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