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Unraveling the molecular arms race between virus and host has been taken to a new level. A cryo-EM study reveals in unprecedented detail how the herpesvirus immune-evasion protein ICP47 inhibits the peptide transporter TAP.
This Perspective highlights recent progress on the location, functions and mechanisms of N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most abundant internal modification in eukaryotic mRNA. In particular, the authors discuss how m6A modification affects the mammalian RNA life cycle at multiple stages.
In this Review, the authors discuss emerging mechanisms of how the replication machinery of mammalian cells overcomes replication-fork obstacles, thus ensuring faithful genome duplication.
Methylation of adenosine within mRNA coding regions delays tRNA accommodation during translation and thus changes translation dynamics, which might influence protein folding.
During oxidative DNA demethylation, Neil DNA glycosylases stimulate processing of abasic sites generated by Tdg, which excises 5-methylcytosine oxidation products generated by Tet dioxygenases, promoting restoration of unmodified cytosines via base excision repair.
Cryo-EM structures of EF4 with the 70S ribosome, in conjunction with functional assays, reveal insights into the mechanism of EF4-mediated tRNA back-translocation.
Methylation of the lysine demethylase KDM1A and the recognition of this modification by the chromodomain helicase CHD1 control androgen-dependent gene transcription and TMPRSS2-ERG gene fusion, a common translocation event in prostate cancer.
Crystal structures of human HSF1 DNA-binding domain in complex with DNA and of the coiled-coil domain from a fungal ortholog provide insight into the mode of interaction of this transcription factor with DNA.
Crystal structures of human HSF2 DNA-binding domain bound to DNA, along with biochemical and cellular analyses, offer insight into potential regulatory interactions of this transcription factor.
The adhesion molecule Afadin acts as a scaffold coordinating the cortical assembly of the cellular machinery that orients the mitotic spindle and drives planar cell division.
Interaction of the RNase XRN2 with PAXT-1 and related XTB domain–containing proteins is important for XRN2 function in vivo and probably serves to increase XRN2 stability in the absence of substrate.
An evolutionarily conserved YxxΦ motif present in a subset of integrin α-chains directs selective endocytosis of integrin heterodimers via interaction with the clathrin adaptor AP2, which is important for cell motility.
