Nature Structural & Molecular Biology12, 264 - 269 (2005)
Published online: 20 February 2005; | doi:10.1038/nsmb903
SUMO modification of the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2-25K
Andrea Pichler1, 3, 5, Puck Knipscheer2, 5, Edith Oberhofer3, Willem J van Dijk2, Roman Körner3, Jesper Velgaard Olsen4, Stefan Jentsch3, Frauke Melchior1, 3
& Titia K Sixma2
1
University of Göttingen, Department of Biochemistry I, Humboldt Allee 23, 37073 Göttingen, Germany.
2
The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
3
Max-Planck Institute for Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany.
4
University of Southern Denmark, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Campusvej 55, Odense M, Denmark.
Post-translational modification with small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) alters the function of many proteins, but the molecular mechanisms and consequences of this modification are still poorly defined. During a screen for novel SUMO1 targets, we identified the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2-25K (Hip2). SUMO attachment severely impairs E2-25K ubiquitin thioester and unanchored ubiquitin chain formation in vitro. Crystal structures of E2-25K(1−155) and of the E2-25K(1−155)−SUMO conjugate (E2-25K*SUMO) indicate that SUMO attachment interferes with E1 interaction through its location on the N-terminal helix. The SUMO acceptor site in E2-25K, Lys14, does not conform to the consensus site found in most SUMO targets (KXE), and functions only in the context of an -helix. In contrast, adjacent SUMO consensus sites are modified only when in unstructured peptides. The demonstration that secondary structure elements are part of SUMO attachment signals could contribute to a better prediction of SUMO targets.
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KXE), and functions only in the context of an 
-helix. In contrast, adjacent SUMO consensus sites are modified only when in unstructured peptides. The demonstration that secondary structure elements are part of SUMO attachment signals could contribute to a better prediction of SUMO targets.
