Pretreatment serum levels of protein S100A9 in a UK cohort of 236 patients with RA did not correlate with EULAR response to etanercept, despite promising results from a previous small-scale study. Levels of S100A9 were not associated with moderate response (P = 0.957 versus non-response) or good response (P = 0.316 versus non-response) to etanercept. Pretreatment levels of S100A9 also did not correlate with any clinical parameters of disease activity (P > 0.05).