Multiple sclerosis: Stem cell transplants ameliorate neurological deficits in multiple sclerosis | PDF (104 KB)

p175 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.14

Neuroendocrinology: Metabolic syndrome in depression is linked to TPH2 | PDF (64 KB)

p176 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.15

Pain: Relief of pain in Parkinson disease | PDF (54 KB)

p177 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.19

Peripheral neuropathies: Oxycodone treatment for pain in herpes zoster | PDF (50 KB)

p177 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.20

Similarities in seizure disorders | PDF (49 KB)

p177 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.21

Parkinson disease: Accurate noninvasive diagnosis of Parkinson disease | PDF (58 KB)

p178 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.16

Movement disorders: A nondopaminergic treatment for RLS | PDF (55 KB)

p178 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.18

Neurodegenerative disease: DCTN1 mutations are associated with Perry syndrome | PDF (127 KB)

p179 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.27

Cerebrovascular malformations: Understanding CCMs | PDF (61 KB)

p180 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.13

Modeling pathology with IPS cells | PDF (51 KB)

p180 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.17

Stroke: Risks of microcatheter injections in acute stroke treatment

Rishi Gupta

p181 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.29

The use of repeated microcatheter injections during intra-arterial procedures to treat acute stroke is associated with an increased risk of intracranial hemorrhage. The number of such injections performed should, therefore, be minimized.

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Multiple sclerosis: MRI—the perfect surrogate marker for multiple sclerosis?

Frederik Barkhof & Massimo Filippi

p182 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.31

MRI provides a very sensitive reflection of the histopathological changes in multiple sclerosis. Many short-term studies fail to appreciate the relationship between MRI and clinical findings, although such shortcomings might be argued to reflect a weakness of clinical measures, rather than of MRI.

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Health disparities research: Disparities research in neurology: an urgent need

Barbara G. Vickrey & Martin F. Shapiro

p184 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.30

Differences in the frequencies of physician and emergency-room visits and hospitalizations across socioeconomic and ethnic groups may lead to poor health outcomes in disadvantaged populations. Analyzing the causes and implementing interventions to redress such disparities is a high priority in the US, but neurology lags behind other clinical specialties in this research.

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Prion diseases: Movement disorders reveal Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease

Michael Weller & Adriano Aguzzi

p185 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.32

Human prion diseases are sometimes difficult to diagnose because few clinical features distinguish them reliably from other neurological disorders. A new study suggests that analysis of movement disorders might contribute to the clinical differentiation of sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease from Alzheimer disease and dementia with Lewy bodies.

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Multiple sclerosis: Sorting through the pediatric MS spectrum with brain MRI

Dorothée Chabas & Daniel Pelletier

p186 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.35

Distinguishing between a first episode of multiple sclerosis and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in children who present with an initial demyelinating event can be a clinical challenge. New brain MRI criteria that aim to differentiate these clinical presentations, and revised McDonald MRI criteria specific for the pediatric population, are both worthy of note.

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Diagnosis and management of the neurological complications of falciparum malaria

Saroj K. Mishra & Charles R. J. C. Newton

p189 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.23

Malaria is a serious public health problem in the developing world, and is also being seen increasingly in Western countries as a result of travel and immigration. Malaria is associated with a number of neurological complications, including agitation, psychosis, seizures, impaired consciousness and coma. In this article, Mishra and Newton describe these complications, discuss the underlying pathogenesis, and outline current and future management strategies.

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New insights into headache: an update on functional and structural imaging findings

Arne May

p199 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.28

The application of neuroimaging to headache has greatly enhanced our understanding of the pathophysiology of this syndrome. Here, Arne May describes neuroimaging as a diagnostic tool for headache and highlights the advances made with functional and structural neuroimaging in the study of primary headache syndromes such as migraine and trigeminal autonomic headaches.

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Delirium in elderly adults: diagnosis, prevention and treatment

Tamara G. Fong, Samir R. Tulebaev & Sharon K. Inouye

p210 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.24

Delirium is an acute neuropsychiatric syndrome, the core features of which are inattention and global cognitive dysfunction. Fong and Inouye review current clinical practice in delirium in elderly individuals, including diagnosis, treatment and outcomes. They also consider the profound impact of this syndrome on health-care utilization and costs.

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Diagnosis and treatment of Friedreich ataxia: a European perspective

Jörg B. Schulz, Sylvia Boesch, Katrin Bürk, Alexandra Dürr, Paola Giunti, Caterina Mariotti, Francoise Pousset, Ludger Schöls, Pierre Vankan & Massimo Pandolfo

p222 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.26

Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) is the most common of the inherited ataxias, with an estimated prevalence of 3–4 cases per 100,000 individuals. There are, as yet, no robust evidence-based standards of care for FRDA. This Review article pools the expertise of FRDA specialists across Western Europe to formulate a set of guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of this debilitating condition.

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