Addressing the global drink problem
Chloë Harman
p427 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.126
Table of contents
August 2009 Vol 5 No 8
Editorial
Research Highlights
Transplantation: HTK solution: should it replace UW solution for kidney preservation? | PDF (74 KB)
p429 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.81
In brief
Bone | Diabetes | Dialysis | Chronic kidney disease | PDF (45 KB)
p430 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.103
Dialysis: Intensifying dialysis to optimize pregnancy outcome | PDF (57 KB)
p430 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.106
Dialysis: Subcutaneous erythropoietin administration increases the risk of access failure | PDF (50 KB)
p431 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.107
Retraction: Japan's experience with living-donor kidney transplantation across ABO barriers | PDF (40 KB)
p431 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.112
Connective tissue diseases: Kidney damage is a key predictor of mortality in SLE | PDF (67 KB)
p431 | doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2009.67
Hypertension: A test to predict early pre-eclampsia | PDF (60 KB)
p432 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.104
In brief
Proteinuria | Anemia | Transplantation | Tubular disease | PDF (48 KB)
p432 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.105
News and Views
Transplantation: Pump it up: conserving a precious resource?
Choli Hartono & Manikkam Suthanthiran
p433 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.110
Determining the optimal method for preserving deceased-donor kidneys is crucial for improving long-term transplant success. A randomized, controlled trial has compared two methods—hypothermic machine perfusion and cold storage preservation.
Dialysis: Some patients may benefit from using high-flux membranes
Victor F. Seabra, Jacob J. Clarenbach & Bertrand L. Jaber
p434 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.95
Mortality rates of patients with low levels of serum albumin, a marker of malnutrition and inflammation, are lower when hemodialysis is performed with high-flux membranes than with low-flux membranes.
Proteinuria: Is the ONTARGET renal substudy actually off target?
Piero Ruggenenti & Giuseppe Remuzzi
p436 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.109
ONTARGET showed that dual renin–angiotensin system blockade prevents microalbuminuria but facilitates transient renal function impairment in nonproteinuric patients with atherosclerotic vascular disease or diabetes. These findings should not be used as an excuse not to optimize renin–angiotensin system inhibition and target urinary protein in patients with proteinuric nephropathies.
Dialysis: Normovolemia is a therapeutic target for hypertension
Matthias P. Hörl & Walter H. Hörl
p438 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.93
In patients with hypertension in hemodialysis, dry-weight reduction by additional ultrafiltration leads to decreases in systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Ultrafiltration combined with daily dietary salt restriction should, therefore, be recommended to these patients, even in the absence of clinical signs of volume overload.
Reviews
The role of transient receptor potential channels in kidney disease
Titia E. Woudenberg-Vrenken, René J. M. Bindels & Joost G. J. Hoenderop
p441 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.100
The transient receptor potential (TRP) is a protein superfamily whose members include 28 proteins known to be expressed in humans. Several TRPs are also expressed along the human nephron, and Titia Woudenberg-Vrenken and her colleagues discuss the evidence on the function of these renal TRPs and the possible relationship between channel or channel-regulation dysfunction and disease.
Chemotherapy-associated renal dysfunction
Vaibhav Sahni, Devasmita Choudhury & Ziauddin Ahmed
p450 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.97
The presence of renal dysfunction in a patient receiving chemotherapy can be devastating. Many patients with cancer have underlying compromised renal function, and some chemotherapeutic agents actually induce renal abnormalities. In this Review, Sahni and colleagues highlight the renal problems associated with current chemotherapeutic agents and describe preventive strategies that can reduce the risk of renal complications in patients receiving these agents.
New insights into the role of podocytes in proteinuria
Jaakko Patrakka & Karl Tryggvason
p463 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.108
The fact that numerous systemic and renal disorders result in progressive proteinuria illustrates the importance of the glomerular filtration barrier. In this concise Review, authors from Stockholm provide an update on the structure and function of the glomerular filtration barrier and the pathogenesis of proteinuria, with a particular emphasis on the involvement of podocytes. The discussion encompasses newly identified pathogenic players, including TRPC6, phospholipase C 
, MYH9 and the urokinase receptor.
Controversies in the treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy
Meryl Waldman & Howard A. Austin III
p469 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.101
The nephrologist must consider several difficult questions when faced with a patient who has a new diagnosis of idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN). Here, authors from the National Institutes of Health corral the latest trial data to provide an update on the 'who', 'when' and 'how' of IMN treatment. They focus particularly on agents that have been studied as alternatives to cytotoxic drugs and ciclosporin, including mycophenolate mofetil, rituximab and adrenocorticotropic hormone.
Case Study
HNF1B-related diabetes triggered by renal transplantation
Julien Zuber, Christine Bellanné-Chantelot, Claire Carette, Guillaume Canaud, Sandrine Gobrecht, Khaled Gaha, Vincent Mallet, Frank Martinez, Eric Thervet, José Timsit, Christophe Legendre & Danièle Dubois-Laforgue
p480 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.98
Zuber and colleagues from Paris describe a case of diabetes that developed after renal transplantation in a young, white, nonobese man. Genetic screening detected a newly described deletion in the gene encoding hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 homeobox B, HNF1B, indicating that mutations in HNF1B might account for some 'unexpected' cases of new-onset diabetes after transplantation. Minimization of tacrolimus exposure and withdrawal of steroids markedly reduced the patient's insulin requirement.
