Table of contents
February 2007 Volume 3 No 2
Editorial
Viewpoint
The design of ALLHAT may have biased the study's outcome in favor of the diuretic cohort
60The US National High Blood Pressure Education Program currently advocates diuretics as first-line treatment for all patients with hypertension, based mainly on the findings of ALLHAT. This Viewpoint identifies several flaws in the design of ALLHAT that call into question the validity of its conclusions. The authors argue that by encouraging use of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors and calcium channel blockers in ways that are not the standard of care, the trial likely exaggerated the benefits of diuretics in this setting.
Research Highlights
Novel treatment shows promise for type 1 primary hyperoxaluria
62Antiretroviral therapy retards progression of HIV-associated nephropathy
62Study provides strong support for association between cancer and membranous nephropathy
63Fosinopril could reduce cardiovascular events in end-stage renal disease
63Comparing management models for tunneled-cuffed-catheter-related bacteremia
64Low-dose gentamicin effectively prevents catheter-related bacteremia
64Failure to meet targets compromises outcomes of long-term hemodialysis
65Oral hygiene of pediatric renal transplant recipients is improved by sonic toothbrushing
65Cefotaxime lock improves survival of tunneled cuffed hemodialysis catheters in diabetics
65Redox-active iron level predicts viability of renal grafts from non-heart beating donors
66Comparing neuropsychological functioning before and after kidney transplantation
66Practice Points
Renal hemodynamic responses to renin–angiotensin blockade differ in men and women
68Primary aldosteronism: renal effects compared with primary hypertension
70Sleep apnea in peritoneal dialysis: nocturnal versus continuous ambulatory treatment
72Low levels of triiodothyronine as an independent risk factor for death in hemodialysis patients
74Pediatric en bloc kidney transplants: excellent long-term function compared with adult living donor kidneys
76Favorable outcomes of kidneys from non-heart-beating donors whose cardiac arrest occurred out of hospital
78Reviews
Evaluation and management of hyponatremia: an emerging role for vasopressin receptor antagonists
82Daniel Batlle and colleagues present an approach to the diagnosis and evaluation of hyponatremia that is based on the often-underused concept of electrolyte-free water clearance. Illustrated by a case vignette, this approach is set in the context of emerging evidence supporting the utility of vasopressin receptor antagonists in the management of hyponatremia. The pharmacology, mechanism of action, and efficacy data for drugs of this class are reviewed.
doi:10.1038/ncpneph0401 | Full Text | PDF (380K)
Therapy Insight: orthopedic complications after solid organ transplantation in childhood
96Immunosuppressive drugs, metabolic disorders and immobilization are factors that contribute to an increased incidence of scoliosis, vertebral fractures and back pain in pediatric transplant recipients. Here, a team from Helsinki University Central Hospital review historical data on orthopedic complications in this patient population, and provide updated recommendations for prevention, assessment and management based on their own extensive research and clinical experience.
doi:10.1038/ncpneph0384 | Full Text | PDF (348K)
Case Studies
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia presenting as acute renal failure
106doi:10.1038/ncpneph0400 | Full Text | PDF (331K)
A case of nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy/nephrogenic systemic fibrosis
111doi:10.1038/ncpneph0373 | Full Text | PDF (410K)
