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Volume 13 Issue 11, November 2017

Research Highlight

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News & Views

  • Thiazide diuretics lower blood pressure and cardiovascular risk but can cause severe hyponatraemia. Researchers now demonstrate that thiazide-induced hyponatraemia is associated with a genetic variant in a distal nephron prostaglandin transporter. They propose that reduced prostaglandin reabsorption through this transporter facilitates activation of the prostaglandin EP4 receptor to increase water reabsorption.

    • Ewout J. Hoorn
    • Jack F. M. Wetzels
    News & Views
  • HLA sensitization greatly increases the risk of transplant rejection and failure. An IgG endopeptidase derived from Streptococcus pyogenes (IdeS) may be an attractive new therapy for desensitization. Recent data indicate that IdeS effectively depletes anti-HLA IgG, creating a therapeutic window for successful renal transplantation in sensitized recipients.

    • Georg A. Böhmig
    • Lionel Rostaing
    News & Views
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Review Article

  • In this Review, Mark Okusa and colleagues discuss the role of neural circuits in the control of renal inflammation as well as the therapeutic potential of targeting these circuits in the settings of acute kidney injury, kidney fibrosis and hypertension.

    • Mark D. Okusa
    • Diane L. Rosin
    • Kevin J. Tracey
    Review Article
  • Our understanding of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, the unfolded protein response (UPR) and ER stress-induced autophagy in the kidney has increased — using the presence of ER chaperones in the urine as a biomarker of renal ER stress, and using pharmacological agents that improve protein folding or induce the expression of chaperones, may aid in the diagnosis and treatment of kidney disease, respectively.

    • Andrey V. Cybulsky
    Review Article
  • Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) is the most common complication in adult patients undergoing open heart surgery. In this Review, the authors discuss the definition, epidemiology, pathophysiology and risk factors of CSA-AKI. The authors also explore the use of novel biomarkers of AKI and their potential utility in preventing or treating CSA-AKI.

    • Ying Wang
    • Rinaldo Bellomo
    Review Article
  • An increasing body of evidence supports a role for B cells in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Here, the authors discuss the mechanisms and consequences of B cell activation in T1DM and how these cells might contribute to the development of diabetic kidney disease.

    • Mia J. Smith
    • Kimber M. Simmons
    • John C. Cambier
    Review Article
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