FIGURE 1 | Neuroanatomy of the corpus callosum.

The human corpus callosum contains approximately 190 million axons. a | Organization of a human corpus callosum based on histological and neuroimaging findings. b | Diffusion MRI (dMRI) and tractography modelling provide important information about the corpus callosum fibre tracts and the cortical regions they connect. These dMRI data¹⁴⁴ of transcallosal fibre tracts in normal brains resulted in a new organizational scheme that describes corpus callosum structure, and suggested that much more of the corpus callosum is involved in premotor and supplementary motor coordination than previously thought. Fibres are coloured according to their projection areas: prefrontal lobe (green), premotor and supplementary motor areas (light blue), primary motor areas (dark blue), primary sensory cortex (red), parietal lobe (orange), occipital lobe (yellow), and temporal lobe (violet). c | In monkeys, researchers have been able to use chemical tracers to map the organization of cortical fibres passing through the corpus callosum, providing a level of detail currently unavailable in humans. BA23, Brodmann's area; CC, corpus callosum; SMA, supplementary motor area. Panel a modified, with permission, from Ref. 145 © (2004) American Society of Neuroradiology. Panel b reproduced, with permission, from Ref. 144 © (2006) Elsevier Science. Panel c modified, with permission, from Ref. 146 © (2006) Oxford Univ. Press.

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