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Nature Reviews Microbiology 6, 709 (1 October 2008) | doi:10.1038/nrmicro2010

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The first observation of symbiosis was the recognition that lichen is actually two independent organisms that live together — a fungus and a blue–green alga. The word symbiosis, originally defined as “where two species live on or in one another”, was coined by Albert Bernhard Frank in 1877.