Table of contents
July 2007 Vol 5 No 7
In this issue
p471 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1701
Research Highlights
Plant microbiology: Symbiotic exceptions
p473 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1700
In brief
Biofilms | Bacterial physiology | HIV
p474 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1693
Bacterial genetics: Resistance in 18 steps
p474 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1695
Viral immune evasion: Orthopoxviruses cut to the chase
p474 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1696
Fungal physiology: Radiation junkies
p475 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1694
Innate immunity: The benefits of a lifelong union
p476 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1697
Microbial ecology: Going solo
p476 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1699
Bacterial pathogenesis: Genomics toolkit for UPEC
p477 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1698
Foreword
News and Analysis
Vaccine Watch
Mapping the future of HIV vaccines
p482 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1713
Vaccine Watch
Tuberculosis vaccines — an update
p484 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1703
Vaccine Watch
Malaria vaccines: the stage we are at
p487 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1712
Focus on: Vaccines — Progress & Pitfalls
Reviews
The contribution of immunology to the rational design of novel antibacterial vaccines
Stefan H.E. Kaufmann
p491 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1688
Infections with bacterial pathogens still cause more than 5 million deaths annually. In this article, Stefan Kaufmann discusses how rational vaccine design against bacterial pathogens can benefit from recent insights into the host immune response.
The perfect mix: recent progress in adjuvant research
Bruno Guy
p505 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1681
In addition to improving our understanding of target antigens for vaccines and their correlates of protection, recent advances in immunological research, particularly in our understanding of innate immunity, have also had a major impact on adjuvant research. Bruno Guy reviews the practical applications of our increased understanding of the immune system in the design and development of more specific and focused adjuvants.
Prospects for a dengue virus vaccine
Stephen S. Whitehead, Joseph E. Blaney, Anna P. Durbin & Brian R. Murphy
p518 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1690
Infections with dengue virus have increased significantly over the past two decades and it is estimated that >3 billion people live in at-risk areas worldwide. Whitehead and colleagues discuss the challenges that are associated with the development of an effective tetravalent dengue vaccine and the progress that has been made towards achieving this goal.
Rotavirus vaccines: recent developments and future considerations
Juana Angel, Manuel A. Franco & Harry B. Greenberg
p529 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1692
Rotavirus is responsible for >500,000 deaths in children under 5 years of age worldwide annually. Two new vaccines shown to protect against rotavirus gastroenteritis were recently licensed. Angel, Franco and Greenberg review recent advances in our knowledge of the virus, the host immune response to rotavirus infection and the efficacy and safety of the new vaccines.
Clinical trials of Shigella vaccines: two steps forward and one step back on a long, hard road
Myron M. Levine, Karen L. Kotloff, Eileen M. Barry, Marcela F. Pasetti & Marcelo B. Sztein
p540 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1662
Shigellosis still causes a huge burden of disease worldwide, particularly in infants and young children in developing countries. Yet despite more than 4 decades of intensive research, efforts to develop a shigellosis vaccine have been unsuccessful. Here, Levine and colleagues review the story so far.
Perspective
Opinion
Pathogenic epitopes, heterologous immunity and vaccine design
Raymond M. Welsh & Robert S. Fujinami
p555 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1709
Vaccine strategies are focused on developing protective responses to immunogenic peptide epitopes of pathogens that are normally recognized by T and B cells. However, some epitopes stimulate crossreactive T-cell responses between pathogens and can prime a host to damaging pathology on infection with the crossreactive pathogen. The removal of potentially pathogenic epitopes from vaccines might enhance prophylaxis and reduce the risk of side effects of vaccine-associated disease.
