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Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 8, 603–612 (1 August 2007) | doi:10.1038/nrm2216

Pathways of clathrin-independent endocytosis

Satyajit Mayor & Richard E. Pagano

There are numerous ways that endocytic cargo molecules may be internalized from the surface of eukaryotic cells. In addition to the classical clathrin-dependent mechanism of endocytosis, several pathways that do not use a clathrin coat are emerging. These pathways transport a diverse array of cargoes and are sometimes hijacked by bacteria and viruses to gain access to the host cell. Here, we review our current understanding of various clathrin-independent mechanisms of endocytosis and propose a classification scheme to help organize the data in this complex and evolving field.