Perspectives
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 3, 710-718 (September 2002) | doi:10.1038/nrm911
Timeline: Cyclic nucleotide research — still expanding after half a century
Joseph A. Beavo1,2 & Laurence L. Brunton1,2 About the authors
Abstract
Since the discovery in 1957 that cyclic AMP acts as a second messenger for the hormone adrenaline, interest in this molecule and its companion, cyclic GMP, has grown. Over a period of nearly 50 years, research into second messengers has provided a framework for understanding transmembrane signal transduction, receptor–effector coupling, protein-kinase cascades and downregulation of drug responsiveness. The breadth and impact of this work is reflected by five different Nobel prizes.
Author affiliations
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Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-7280, USA.
Email: beavo@u.washington.edu -
Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0636, USA.
Email: lbrunton@ucsd.edu
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