Abstract

The recent failure of the T-cell-based HIV vaccine trial led by Merck & Co., Inc. prompts the urgent need to refocus on the question of which T-cell responses are required to control HIV replication. The well-described association between the expression of particular MHC class I molecules and successful containment of HIV or, in the macaque model, SIV replication provide a valuable starting point from which to evaluate more precisely what might constitute effective CD8⁺ T-cell responses. Here, we review recent studies of T-cell-mediated control of HIV and SIV infection, and offer insight for the design of a successful T-cell-based HIV vaccine in the future.

Author affiliations

1. Department of Paediatrics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3SY, UK.
2. Partners AIDS Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, 13^th Street, Building 149, Charlestown, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, USA.
3. HIV Pathogenesis Programme, The Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
4. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.

Correspondence to: Philip J. R. Goulder^1,2,3 Email: philip.goulder@ndm.ox.ac.uk

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