Table of contents
From the editors
p791 | doi:10.1038/nri1976
Research Highlights
Tumour immunology: The dual personality of myeloid suppressor cells
p792 | doi:10.1038/nri1965
T-cell responses: Unlocking TH17-cell differentiation
p793 | doi:10.1038/nri1963
In brief
Inflammation | Viral immunity | Signalling
p793 | doi:10.1038/nri1973
Immune responses: Variable neutrophils
p794 | doi:10.1038/nri1962
Antigen presentation: Ubiquitylation gives DCs the professional edge
p794 | doi:10.1038/nri1967
T-cell activation: TLRs doing it for themselves
p795 | doi:10.1038/nri1971
Immunological synapses: Clearing the path for direct delivery
p796 | doi:10.1038/nri1969
Viral immunity: Antigen magnetism
p796 | doi:10.1038/nri1970
In brief
Immunotherapy | Viral immunity | Autoimmunity
p796 | doi:10.1038/nri1974
Natural killer cells: Off the beaten path
p797 | doi:10.1038/nri1972
Inflammation: Mopping up the mess
p798 | doi:10.1038/nri1966
In the news
p798 | doi:10.1038/nri1975
Reviews
The CARMA1 signalosome links the signalling machinery of adaptive and innate immunity in lymphocytes
David J. Rawlings, Karen Sommer & Miguel E. Moreno-García
p799 | doi:10.1038/nri1944
How are signals initiated at the antigen receptors of T and B cells transmitted to nuclear factor-
B (NF-B)? This Review presents a cohesive model of the activation of NF-B, which unravels the sequence of events and the signalling machinery involved.
Apoptosis and caspases regulate death and inflammation in sepsis
Richard S. Hotchkiss & Donald W. Nicholson
p813 | doi:10.1038/nri1943
An emerging concept is that sepsis is in fact due to an impaired immune response owing to excessive apoptosis of immune cells and the immunosuppressive effect that occurs as a result of the uptake of these cells. Might the use of caspase inhibitors be of therapeutic benefit in the treatment of sepsis?
Toll-like receptors in systemic autoimmune disease
Ann Marshak-Rothstein
p823 | doi:10.1038/nri1957
Toll-like receptors are well known as sensors of microorganisms, but they can also sense endogenous molecules. This article describes when this might occur and how it might activate autoreactive B cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells in systemic autoimmune disease.
Article series: Tumour immunology
Interferons, immunity and cancer immunoediting
Gavin P. Dunn, Catherine M. Koebel & Robert D. Schreiber
p836 | doi:10.1038/nri1961
Type I and type II interferons have overlapping and distinct functions in the host immune response to cancer. In this article, recent data that link interferons to the process of cancer immunoediting are reviewed, and possible therapeutic applications are considered.
The love–hate relationship between bacterial polysaccharides and the host immune system
Sarkis K. Mazmanian & Dennis L. Kasper
p849 | doi:10.1038/nri1956
The commensal gut bacterium Bacteroides fragilis might be the key to a healthy immune system. A zwitterionic polysaccharide that is produced by this bacterium has immunomodulatory properties, and the authors suggest that this supports the 'hygiene hypothesis' at a molecular level.
Dendritic-cell interactions with HIV: infection and viral dissemination
Li Wu & Vineet N. KewalRamani
p859 | doi:10.1038/nri1960
HIV has evolved ways to exploit dendritic cells to facilitate spread of the virus through the body. Dendritic cells can mediate the transfer of HIV to target CD4+ T cells through several distinct mechanisms, as discussed in this Review.
Perspective
Science and society
The increase in the prevalence of asthma and allergy: food for thought
Graham Devereux
p869 | doi:10.1038/nri1958
There has been an enormous increase in the prevalence of asthma and allergy in the Western world over the past four decades. Marked changes in our diet might be a contributing factor, so could dietary intervention in pregnant women be a preventive measure?
