Review
Nature Reviews Immunology 3, 569-581 (July 2003) | doi:10.1038/nri1130
Three or more routes for leukocyte migration into the central nervous system
Richard M. Ransohoff2, Pia Kivisäkk1 & Grahame Kidd1 About the authors
Abstract
Leukocyte migration into and through tissues is fundamental to normal physiology, immunopathology and host defence. Leukocyte entry into the central nervous system (CNS) is restricted, in part, because of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). During the past decade, crucial components that are involved in the process of leukocyte migration have been identified and progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms of neuroinflammatory reactions. In this review, present knowledge of the trafficking determinants that guide the migration of leukocytes is superimposed onto the vascular and compartmental anatomy of the CNS. We discuss three distinct routes for leukocytes to enter the CNS and consider how different populations of leukocytes use trafficking signals to gain entry.
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Author affiliations
- Department of Neurosciences, The Lerner Research Institute, Department of Neurology, 9500 Euclid Avenue, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA.
- The Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis Treatment and Research, Department of Neurology, 9500 Euclid Avenue, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA.
Correspondence to: Richard M. Ransohoff2 Email: ransohr@ccf.org
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