Volume 17 Issue 12, December 2017

T cell activation is associated with a depletion of amino acids and neurotransmitters and may result in behavioural changes

Lysosomal calcium signalling links antigen uptake by tissue dendritic cells to migration to the lymph nodes.

Skin epithelial stem cells show inflammatory memory, which enhances their response to tissue damage.

Type I interferons, induced by DNA released from ischaemic cardiomyocytes, drive inflammation after myocardial infarction.

Florent Ginhoux reflects on a 2002 paper by Merad and colleagues that challenged the dogma that adult Langerhans cells arise from blood-circulating precursors.

γδ T cells are found mainly in epithelial tissues, where they have crucial roles in tissue homeostasis and repair. Here, the authors describe how γδ T cells are activated and regulated in epithelial tissues, such as the skin and intestine, to mediate host microbial tolerance and provide protection against infection.

Tissue-resident eosinophils selectively secrete cytokines and other mediators that have diverse functions in health and disease.

Here, the authors discuss the role of cellular barriers in establishing immune privilege, both in the intestine and in other organs, such as the brain and the eyes. They compare protective epithelial and vascular barriers in different organs and examine how several pathologies are linked to the disruption of these barriers.

Hypoxia is a microenvironmental feature that is associated with physiological and pathological immunological niches. In this Review, Taylor and Colgan summarize the effects of physiological and pathological hypoxia on immune cells and processes and discuss the possibility of therapeutically targeting hypoxia-sensitive pathways.