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This Review explores how distinct antigen-presenting cell types that reside in lymph nodes can contribute to T cell activation. The authors discuss the recent evidence showing that lymph node stromal cell populations are involved in the maintenance of peripheral immune tolerance.
Our understanding of the triggers and mediators of sterile inflammation has advanced greatly in recent years. Here, Chen and Nuñez provide us with an up-to-date overview of these advances and discuss their therapeutic implications.
Asthma is a complex disease that is typically associated with T helper 2 (TH2)-type inflammation, but it is becoming increasingly clear that other T cell populations can contribute to the disease. Here, the authors describe the functions of distinct T cell subsets in the allergic lung and discuss the implications for future therapies for asthma.
Current evidence suggests that immune suppression by CD4+CD25+FOXP3+regulatory T cells is impaired in human autoimmune diseases. The potential mechanisms of such a defect are discussed here, along with the challenges that must be overcome to guide the development of future therapies for these diseases.
Children who grow up on traditional farms are protected from developing asthma and allergy. But what are the exact exposures that mediate this protective farm effect, what is the important time period in which these exposures are effective and how do these exposures affect the immune system?
This Science and Society article proposes that it is time to re-assess whether induced pluripotency will ever provide a fully autologous source of tissues for transplantation without the need for immune modulation.