Genetic mechanisms and modifying factors in hereditary hemochromatosis
Günter Weiss
Published online: 17 November 2009 | doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2009.201
Hereditary hemochromatosis, or primary iron overload, is one of the most frequent genetic diseases in the world. This Review describes the regulation of iron metabolism and the inherited mutations that cause hereditary hemochromatosis. The author also discusses inherited and environmental modifiers that affect the severity of the disease.
Anastomoses of the lower gastrointestinal tract
Govind Nandakumar,
Sharon L. Stein
&
Fabrizio Michelassi
Published online: 03 November 2009 | doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2009.185
Intestinal anastomoses are frequently performed to remove tumors or diseased tissue. They have clear benefits but they can also lead to serious complications such as dehiscences and strictures. This Review discusses the surgical techniques, healing factors and perioperative and postoperative strategies to minimize complications when performing anastomoses of the lower gastrointestinal tract.
Stem cells in gastroenterology and hepatology
Michael Quante
&
Timothy C. Wang
Published online: 03 November 2009 | doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2009.195
Stem cells are primitive, relatively unspecialized cells that can self-renew and are multipotent. In this Review, Quante and Wang discuss potential types of stem cells found within the gastrointestinal tract, the susceptibility of these stem cells for malignant transformation, and their potential for use in restoring tissue function to treat gastrointestinal disorders.
Epidemiology of pancreatic cancer: an overview
Sara Raimondi,
Patrick Maisonneuve
&
Albert B. Lowenfels
Published online: 06 October 2009 | doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2009.177
Pancreatic cancer, although infrequent, has an extremely high mortality rate. The epidemiologic features of this rare cancer are still poorly known. In this Review Raimondi and colleagues discuss the environmental, lifestyle and genetic factors that increase or decrease the probability of developing pancreatic cancer and that may explain the different incidence rates observed in distinct subpopulations.