Bone: Giant osteoclasts detected in bone biopsy samples after alendronate therapy | PDF (133 KB)
p233 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2009.42
Table of contents
May 2009 Vol 5 No 5
Research Highlights
In brief
Diagnosis | Hypertension | Bone | PDF (47 KB)
p234 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2009.33
Nutrition: Copper deficiency after bariatric surgery | PDF (56 KB)
p234 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2009.34
Correction: Mechanisms of macrophage activation in obesity-induced insulin resistance | PDF (46 KB)
p234 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2009.77
Pituitary: Nuclear translocation of E-cadherin in invasive pituitary adenomas | PDF (62 KB)
p235 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2009.31
Thyroid: Recombinant human TSH improves sensitivity of 18F fludeoxyglucose PET | PDF (64 KB)
p235 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2009.32
Neuroendocrinology: Cognitive suppression of appetite less efficient in women than in men | PDF (59 KB)
p236 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2009.37
Diabetes: Could vitamin 'B' the answer? | PDF (89 KB)
p236 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.8
Diabetes: A novel approach to enhance insulin secretion | PDF (56 KB)
p237 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2009.38
Diabetes: How can we reduce the economic burden of diabetes? | PDF (54 KB)
p237 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2009.39
Pheochromocytoma: contrast CT safe | PDF (48 KB)
p237 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2009.41
In brief
Diabetes | Pituitary | Diabetes | Growth | PDF (55 KB)
p238 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2009.27
Reproductive Endocrinology: Regional brain atrophy after postmenopausal hormone therapy | PDF (105 KB)
p238 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2009.36
Pediatric Endocrinology: Insulin glargine improves lung disease in children with cystic fibrosis | PDF (53 KB)
p239 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2009.26
Diabetes: Redistribution of adipose tissue found in type 2 diabetes mellitus | PDF (57 KB)
p239 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2009.40
News and Views
Bone: Use of bisphosphonates in children—proceed with caution
Joan C. Marini
p241 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2009.58
A clinical review of studies on bisphosphonate therapy for pediatric osteoporosis has revealed that they increase BMD, but whether they also improve fracture rates or functions of daily life is unclear. Can the findings of this clinical review help inform clinicians whether, when and how to use these agents in children?
Diabetes: Hypoglycemia—a new approach to an old problem
Stephen N. Davis
p243 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2009.54
Hypoglycemia is the major barrier to good glycemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, randomized controlled trials have emphasized the grave risks associated with severe hypoglycemia in patients with long-standing type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hypoglycemia has also been recognized as a complication of bariatric surgery. New Endocrine Society guidelines on adult hypoglycemic disorders are, therefore, extremely pertinent.
Bone: Does TSH concentration influence skeletal health?
Douglas C. Bauer
p245 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2009.59
Controversy surrounds the skeletal consequences of altered thyroid function. According to the latest report from the Tromsø population survey, however, variations of serum TSH concentration that remain within the normal range do not greatly influence BMD.
Obesity: Guiding the management of pediatric obesity
Erinn T. Rhodes & David S. Ludwig
p247 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2009.57
Pediatric obesity is a global phenomenon in danger of spiraling out of control. New guidelines from the Endocrine Society offer expert opinion on the prevention and management of this challenging health-care problem.
Diagnosis: Thyroglobulin in fine-needle aspirates—a clue to metastasis?
Giuseppe Costante & Sebastiano Filetti
p249 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2009.55
Clinical investigation of enlarged, local lymph nodes after surgery for papillary thyroid carcinoma is problematic. Use of the fine-needle aspiration thyroglobulin assay could help to identify patients whose disease has progressed to lymph-node metastasis.
Reproductive Endocrinology: Pregnancy and fertility after bariatric surgery
Elizabeth S. Ginsburg
p251 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2009.60
Increases in rates of bariatric surgery are staggering, and many obese individuals who undergo such procedures are women of reproductive age. So, how does the surgery affect women's fertility and pregnancy outcomes thereafter? A new systemic review aimed to find out.
Reviews
Effects of poor and short sleep on glucose metabolism and obesity risk
Karine Spiegel, Esra Tasali, Rachel Leproult & Eve Van Cauter
p253 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2009.23
Sleep curtailment, which has become a common behavior in modern society, and sleep disorders, such as obstructive sleep apnea, might have detrimental effects on endocrine functions and glucose metabolism. This review discusses the role of sleep loss and poor-quality sleep in the development of obesity and diabetes mellitus, and highlights the importance of screening for sleep problems in patients with endocrine and metabolic disorders.
Incretin-based therapies for type 2 diabetes mellitus
Julie A. Lovshin & Daniel J. Drucker
p262 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2009.48
Incretin-based drugs have several advantages over commonly used antidiabetic agents, including a glucose-dependent mechanism of action and no risk of weight gain. However, their long-term efficacy, safety and durability are yet to be established. This Review summarizes the available data on the mechanisms of action of currently used and emerging incretin-based agents.
Is it possible to reduce cardiovascular risk with glucose-lowering approaches?
Hertzel C. Gerstein
p270 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2009.49
Glucose control does not have a clear cardiovascular benefit in people with established, long-duration diabetes mellitus; however, it reduces the risk of diabetes-related eye disease and kidney disease, myocardial infarction and mortality in those with recent-onset diabetes mellitus. Here, the author discusses the relationship between blood glucose level and cardiovascular disease and compares the cardiovascular effects of various glucose-lowering drugs and strategies.
Fibrosis and carcinoid syndrome: from causation to future therapy
Maralyn Druce, Andrea Rockall & Ashley B. Grossman
p276 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2009.51
Carcinoid tumors are characterized by their ability to secrete hormones, such as serotonin, tachykinins and other mediators that might contribute to carcinoid syndrome. The authors of this Review describe the incidence and prevalence of carcinoid tumor related fibrosis, which is a major complication of this syndrome, and explore the role of potential causative agents.
Case Study
A case of severe, refractory diabetic gastroparesis managed by prolonged use of aprepitant
Kiang Chong & Ketan Dhatariya
p285 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2009.50
Gastroparesis is a complication of diabetes mellitus that is associated with prolonged periods of suboptimal glycemic control. This article describes a patient who had diabetic gastroparesis that was unresponsive to conventional treatments. Her severe vomiting was successfully controlled by use of the antiemetic drug aprepitant for 4 months before a gastric electrical stimulation device was fitted.
