Table of contents
April 2008 Volume 4 No 4
Editorial
Viewpoints
The carcinogenic effects of radioiodine therapy for thyroid carcinoma
180Radioiodine is commonly used to treat differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Nonetheless, the high activities administered during therapy are potentially carcinogenic for other organs, such as the salivary glands and digestive tract. The risk of second primary malignancies after radioiodine therapy for thyroid carcinoma is discussed by the author of this Viewpoint.
Vitamin D as a potential modifier of diabetes risk
182Identification of easily modifiable risk factors is urgently required for primary prevention of diabetes mellitus. Optimal vitamin D homeostasis seems important for a number of non-skeletal outcomes, including insulin secretion and action. As a consequence, vitamin D insufficiency has emerged as a potential factor in diabetes risk.
doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0762 | Full Text | PDF (101K)
Research Highlights
New reduced-glucocorticoid protocol for transsphenoidal pituitary adenomectomy
184Insulin glargine is effective in prepubertal children with type 1 diabetes
184Statins reduce the prevalence of thyroid nodules
184Initiation of insulin therapy is frequently delayed in patients with type 2 diabetes
185Pretransplant diabetes increases post-transplant fracture risk
185Good long-term results after unilateral neck exploration for primary hyperparathyroidism
186Central nervous system infections might cause hypothalamic–pituitary dysfunction
186Cortisol secretion over the day is increased in heavy drinkers
186Meta-analysis shows antiobesity drugs cause modest weight losses
187Increased risk of second primary malignancies in patients treated for thyroid cancer
187Proton radiotherapy 'safer' than photon therapy for corticotroph adenomas
188Sulfonylurea therapy proves safe and effective in SUR1 diabetes
188Cushing's disease can recur despite initially successful transsphenoidal surgery
189Practice Points
Does supplementation with calcium alone or in combination with vitamin D reduce the risk of osteoporotic fracture?
190doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0754 | Full Text | PDF (126K)
Diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome: comparison of the specificity of first-line biochemical tests
192doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0752 | Full Text | PDF (101K)
Does addition of pramlintide to basal insulin improve glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus?
194doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0760 | Full Text | PDF (127K)
Is thyroid autoimmunity associated with malignancy?
196doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0756 | Full Text | PDF (126K)
Osteoporosis prevention and treatment in elderly men—a cost-effective strategy
198doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0753 | Full Text | PDF (127K)
Reviews
Clinical implications of a molecular genetic classification of monogenic 
-cell diabetes
200Major advances have been made in defining the genes and mechanisms responsible for monogenic 
-cell diabetes. This article describes how a molecular genetic classification into four main categories offers a more useful guide to clinical management and treatment than using terms such as neonatal diabetes or maturity-onset diabetes of the young.
doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0778 | Full Text | PDF (440K)
Cardiometabolic features of polycystic ovary syndrome
215Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects up to 10% of women and features a range of hormonal and metabolic abnormalities, many of which are associated with increased cardiovascular risk. The authors of this article urge clinicians to be aware of this risk when dealing with even young women who have PCOS.
doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0755 | Full Text | PDF (212K)
Technology Insight: measuring thyroglobulin and thyroglobulin autoantibody in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer
223As outlined here, measurement of serum thyroglobulin poses a number of technical challenges. These include between-assay biases, sensitivity limitations, and problems caused by thyroglobulin autoantibodies and heterophilic antibodies in patients' serum. As treatment and follow-up strategies for differentiated thyroid cancer evolve, it is important that clinicians are aware of these potential pitfalls.
doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0757 | Full Text | PDF (391K)
Case Study
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome caused by an FSH-secreting pituitary adenoma
234Contrary to the assumption that gonadotrope pituitary adenomas are non-functioning, these tumors can be functional and lead to the development of the ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. This article describes a patient with a 15-year history of galactorrhea and multicystic ovaries caused by a gonadotrope-secreting pituitary adenoma.
doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0758 | Full Text | PDF (212K)
