Patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) have an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and metabolic-associated disorder according to new research conducted by investigators in Sweden. The team compared 588 patients with CAH (resulting from 21-hydroxylase deficiency) with healthy individuals (matched for sex, age and birth place; n = 58,800). Overall participants with CAH were nearly four-times more likely to develop a cardiovascular or metabolic disorder (OR 3.9, 95% CI 3.1–5.0), and almost three-times more likely to develop CVD (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.9–3.9) than healthy patients. The increased risk was similar when the patients were stratified according to sex or age group. This Swedish study is the first to investigate CVD itself, rather than CVD risk factors, in patients with CAH.