Review
Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 2, 99-113 (February 2003) | doi:10.1038/nrd1009
Kinases as therapeutic targets for heart failure
Chris J. Vlahos1, Susan A. McDowell1 & Angela Clerk2 About the authors
Abstract
Cardiac cells respond to external stimuli by activating signal-transduction cascades involving protein and lipid kinases. These enzymes are attractive therapeutic targets as they are responsible for the direct or indirect control of most signalling pathways in cells. Existing therapies for heart failure are directed against the renin-angiotensin system and the 
-adrenoceptor, and prevent the initiation of signalling cascades. However, as molecular signalling events in the progression of heart failure are elucidated, new downstream signalling targets have emerged as candidates for therapeutic intervention.
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Author affiliations
- Cardiovascular Research, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, USA.
- Imperial College of Science, Technology, and Medicine, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
Correspondence to: Chris J. Vlahos1 Email: Vlahos_Chris_J@Lilly.Com
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