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A new study has shown that rituximab and bendamustine provide better outcomes and less toxicity than rituximab plus CHOP chemotherapy in patients with indolent lymphomas. However, whether this represents a practice-changing development is unclear and we should not rush to judgement without answering some key questions.
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is prevalent in patients with breast cancer, and African American, Asian and younger women are disproportionally affected. PTSD is associated with adverse effects on psychological and physical health and might be an indicator of other risk factors. It is important to screen and treat PTSD, and more research is needed.
Two randomized controlled trials conducted within the SIGGAR study have reported efficacy results. In patients with symptoms of colorectal cancer, CT colonography should replace barium enema and is a good alternative to colonoscopy.
Describing data from preclinical studies and early clinical trial results, Azad et al. suggest that low-dose epigenetic-modulating agents can reprogramme tumour cells and override any immediate cytotoxic effects that are typically observed at high doses. Such optimization of drug dosing and scheduling of currently available epigenetic therapies could give these agents a prominent place in cancer management—when used alone or in combination with other therapies.
T cells can be genetically modified to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) that target CD19, which is expressed by B cell malignancies, but not by normal tissues. This Review outlines the use of CARs in the treatment of these malignancies and states that it is likely to become an important therapy option for these patients.
With increasing numbers of anticancer drugs requiring testing, new adaptive model-based phase I trial designs can improve on current practice by exploring a wider range of dose combinations than standard phase I methods. In this Review, the authors describe the methods available as well as the opportunities and challenges faced in dual-agent phase I trials.
The occurrence of second malignant neoplasms in survivors of cancer is one of the most serious complications of cancer and its treatment. Second and higher-order malignancies now comprise about 18% of all incident cancers in the USA, superseding first primary cancers of the breast, lung, and prostate. This Review article discusses the wide-range of factors that influence the occurrence of second malignant neoplasms and a review of modifiable behavioural and lifestyle factors.
