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Review

Nature Reviews Cancer 5, 459–467 (1 June 2005) | doi:10.1038/nrc1630

Immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer |[mdash]| science driving clinical progress

Dan Laheru & Elizabeth M. Jaffee

The identification of key signalling pathways involved in immune-system regulation, along with the development of early pancreatic tumours in mouse models have provided new opportunities for pancreatic cancer treatment and prevention. Immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer is one approach that is at a crucial crossroads, as therapeutics that are designed to target pancreatic-cancer-associated antigens and regulatory signalling molecules are entering clinical trials.