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Two groups have shown that personalized, neoantigen-based tumour vaccines elicit effective T cell responses in patients with advanced melanoma, leading to favourable clinical outcomes. Combination with checkpoint blockade can be of additional benefit.
Shafferet al. analysed resistance in melanoma at the single-cell level and found that non-genetic, transcriptional variability in rare cells can predict the eventual emergence of drug resistance.
Kamerkaret al. have engineered exosomes that target KRASG12D(iExosomes) and have demonstrated the specificity and efficacy of iExosomes in targeting oncogenic KRAS in mouse models of pancreatic cancer.
Neutrophils carrying liposomes that contain the antimitotic drug paclitaxel can penetrate the brain and suppress the recurrence of glioma in mice, thereby significantly improving survival.
Nolanet al. show that triple-negative breast cancers with BRCA1mutations are immunogenic and susceptible to treatment with a combination of two checkpoint inhibitors and chemotherapy.
Van Groningenet al. unravel the epigenetic nature of intratumoural heterogeneity in neuroblastoma, which comprises both lineage-committed adrenergic cells and undifferentiated mesenchymal cells that are defined by unique super-enhancer transcriptional networks and gene expression signatures.
A new study demonstrates that DNA methyltransferase inhibitors and histone deacetylase inhibitors induce widespread cryptic transcription from transposable elements that may contribute to cancer immunogenicity.
This Review discusses the extrinsic regulation of angiogenesis by the tumour microenvironment, highlighting potential vulnerabilities that could be targeted to improve the applicability and reach of anti-angiogenic cancer therapies.
Our understanding of mesothelioma pathobiology has increased dramatically in the past 5 years, with an improvement in our knowledge of mesothelioma genetics, epigenetics, tumour microenvironment and immunobiology. This Review discusses these advances and how they might affect therapeutic strategies.
This Opinion article discusses recent studies that have provided new insights into the mechanisms of common fragile site instability and the resulting genomic effects, which include the generation of focal copy number alterations that affect the genomic landscape of many cancers.
In this Viewpoint article, we asked four scientists working to target important, but so-called 'undruggable', proteins in cancer for their opinions on the most crucial advances, as well as the challenges and what the future holds for this important area of cancer research.
