Sae-Won Han, Hwang-Phill Kim and colleagues investigated RNA editing in colorectal cancer (CRC) samples. Whole genome and transcriptome sequence data showed an increase in adenosine-to-inosine editing in RAS homologue family member Q (RHOQ), which resulted in a substitution of asparagine with serine at residue 136 (RHOQN136S). The RHOQN136S protein had increased activity compared with wild-type RHOQ, and this was associated with a reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and increased invasive potential of cells in vitro: invasive growth in vitro was further increased in the presence of mutant KRAS. In patients with CRC, edited RHOQ transcripts and mutant KRAS were associated with disease recurrence.