FIGURE 3
FROM:
VNS Therapy in Treatment-Resistant Depression: Clinical Evidence and Putative Neurobiological Mechanisms
Charles B Nemeroff, Helen S Mayberg, Scott E Krahl, James McNamara, Alan Frazer, Thomas R Henry, Mark S George, Dennis S Charney and Stephen K Brannan
BACK TO ARTICLEFigure 3.
Limbic and cortical regions of the brain receive vagal afferents by multiple, overlapping routes. NTS=nucleus tractus solitarius; AMB=nucleus ambiguous; DMX=dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus; IML=intermediolateral column of spinal cord (symp pregang); VLM=ventrolateral medulla; Amyg=amygdala; INS=insular cortex; ILC=infralimbic cortex; BST=bed nucleus of stria terminalus; PBN=parabrachial nucleus; DR=dorsal raphe; LC=locus ceruleus; Thal=thalamus; Hypothal=hypothalamus. Green lines (tracts from the NTS); blue lines (tracts from the DR); red lines (tracts from the LC); light blue lines (tracts from the PBN). Courtesy of J Thomas Cunningham, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio.
