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Superfluid transitions

Proximity eases confinement

Confinement of helium in a micrometre-size box rounds the sharp transition and depresses the specific-heat maximum. But coupling an array of boxes through a thin, non-superfluid film is now shown to raise that maximum, while the boxes also enhance superfluidity in the film.

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Figure 1: Confinement matters.
Figure 2: Split transitions induced by proximity.

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Fisher, M. Proximity eases confinement. Nature Phys 6, 483–484 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys1724

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