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Letter

Nature Physics 3, 388–391 (1 June 2007) | doi:10.1038/nphys596

Spin|[ndash]|valley phase diagram of the two-dimensional metal|[ndash]|insulator transition

O. Gunawan , T. Gokmen , K. Vakili , M. Padmanabhan , E. P. De Poortere & M. Shayegan

The metallic behaviour of the resistivity observed at low temperatures in low-disorder, dilute, two-dimensional (2D) carrier systems is of considerable interest as it defies the scaling theory of localization in two dimensions. Although the origin of the metallic behaviour remains unknown and controversial, there is widespread evidence that the spin degree of the freedom plays a crucial role.