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Letter

Nature Physics 2, 447–451 (1 July 2006) | doi:10.1038/nphys334

Evolution of the pseudogap from Fermi arcs to the nodal liquid

A. Kanigel , M. R. Norman , M. Randeria , U. Chatterjee , S. Souma , A. Kaminski , H. M. Fretwell , S. Rosenkranz , M. Shi , T. Sato , T. Takahashi , Z. Z. Li , H. Raffy , K. Kadowaki , D. Hinks , L. Ozyuzer & J. C. Campuzano

The response of a material to external stimuli depends on its low-energy excitations. In conventional metals, these excitations are electrons on the Fermi surface—a contour in momentum (k) space that encloses all of the occupied states for non-interacting electrons.