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  • Review Article
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Advances in multiphoton microscopy technology

Nature Photonics volume 7, pages 93–101 (2013)Cite this article

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Abstract

Multiphoton microscopy has enabled unprecedented dynamic exploration in living organisms. A significant challenge in biological research is the dynamic imaging of features deep within living organisms, which permits the real-time analysis of cellular structure and function. To make progress in our understanding of biological machinery, optical microscopes must be capable of rapid, targeted access deep within samples at high resolution. In this Review, we discuss the basic architecture of a multiphoton microscope capable of such analysis and summarize the state-of-the-art technologies for the quantitative imaging of biological phenomena.

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Figure 1: A typical multiphoton microscope fed by a near-IR laser.
Figure 2: Multimodal image of a blood vessel in kidney tissue.
Figure 3: Illustrative fluorescence lifetime image with two similar fluorophores and comparison to TPEF imaging.
Figure 4: Example of deep in vivo imaging through the use of longer excitation wavelengths.
Figure 5: Simultaneous multilayer imaging achieved with remote focusing.

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Acknowledgements

The authors recognize the support of the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering under the Bioengineering Research Partnership EB-003832. In addition, the authors thank E. Toberer for his assistance in preparing portions of this manuscript.

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  1. Center for Microintegrated Optics for Advanced Bioimaging and Control, Colorado School of Mines, 1523 Illinois Street, Golden, 80401, Colorado, USA

    Erich E. Hoover & Jeff A. Squier

  2. Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, 1523 Illinois Street, Golden, 80401, Colorado, USA

    Erich E. Hoover & Jeff A. Squier

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Hoover, E., Squier, J. Advances in multiphoton microscopy technology. Nature Photon 7, 93–101 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2012.361

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