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Individual carbon nanotubes have been widely used as microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) such as oscillators, actuators, sensors, memory devices and even radios. However, there is also a demand for similar devices made from large numbers of nanotubes. Now Kenji Hata and co-workers have fabricated well-defined three-dimensional structures such as the threedimensional nanotube relay shown here from highly ligned carbon nanotube wafers using a lithography-based approach in which every fabrication step is both parallel and scalable. This technique opens up new ways to make devices with unprecedented structural complexity and functionality. Image width: 10 m. Letter p289
As the impact of the atomic force microscope is felt more and more in nanobiotechnology, physical scientists continue to use and develop this versatile instrument.
Nanomedicine offers new opportunities to fight diseases but a global effort is needed to safely translate laboratory innovation to the clinic. Seven priority areas have been identified for this endeavour.
Synthetic biology and nanotechnology have much in common, including the presence of competing schools of thought within each field. Richard Jones explores the parallels between the two subjects.
Could a mechanical principle familiar from the playground be the key to a new means of computation? Research on tiny gallium arsenide bridges points in that direction.
Environmental toxicologists, chemists and social scientists have identified three priorities for research into the impact of engineered nanoparticles on the environment.
A new generation of scanning transmission electron microscopes will allow researchers to study the composition and bonding of all the atoms in a solid material.
Green plants have an in-built protection system that prevents their photosynthetic machinery from being damaged by excessive levels of light. Researchers have now demonstrated a similar mechanism in an artificial molecular system.
The atomic force microscope has evolved from an imaging technique to a powerful tool for many areas of nanobiotechnology, including fundamental research, medical diagnostics and environmental monitoring.