Article abstract


Nature Nanotechnology 3, 676 - 681 (2008)
Published online: 28 September 2008 | doi:10.1038/nnano.2008.280

Subject Categories: Nanomaterials | Structural properties | Surface patterning and imaging

Free-standing graphene at atomic resolution

Mhairi H. Gass1,4, Ursel Bangert2,4, Andrew L. Bleloch1, Peng Wang1, Rahul R. Nair2,3 & A. K. Geim3


Research interest in graphene, a two-dimensional crystal consisting of a single atomic plane of carbon atoms, has been driven by its extraordinary properties, including charge carriers that mimic ultra-relativistic elementary particles. Moreover, graphene exhibits ballistic electron transport on the submicrometre scale, even at room temperature, which has allowed the demonstration of graphene-based field-effect transistors and the observation of a room-temperature quantum Hall effect. Here we confirm the presence of free-standing, single-layer graphene with directly interpretable atomic-resolution imaging combined with the spatially resolved study of both the pi right arrow pi* transition and the pi + sigma plasmon. We also present atomic-scale observations of the morphology of free-standing graphene and explore the role of microstructural peculiarities that affect the stability of the sheets. We also follow the evolution and interaction of point defects and suggest a mechanism by which they form ring defects.

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  1. SuperSTEM, STFC Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington WA4 4AD, UK
  2. School of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
  3. Manchester Centre for Mesoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
  4. These authors contributed equally to this work.

Correspondence to: Mhairi H. Gass1,4 e-mail: m.h.gass@liv.ac.uk



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