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In this Review Article, Horvath and Barrangou describe the discovery of CRISPR–Cas systems as mechanisms of adaptive immunity in prokaryotes and explore the technological applications that have emerged from studying these molecular machines.
This Review Article discusses the physical, chemical and ecological features of the phycosphere, the microenvironment surrounding individual phytoplankton cells, and its importance during phytoplankton–bacteria interactions in aquatic ecosystems.
This Review Article examines how microorganisms that have key roles in the ocean carbon and nitrogen cycles may respond to anthropogenic changes in the Earth's marine ecosystems.
A review of Bacteroides mechanisms for gut colonization and persistence, which may also serve as a framework to understand the biology of other microbiota species.
This Review describes the pro- and anti-carcinogenic roles played by the microbiota and highlights the therapeutic potential of microorganisms in tumourigenesis.