Nature Methods
- 4, 721 - 726 (2007)
Published online: 12 August 2007; | doi:10.1038/nmeth1079
MicroRNA sponges: competitive inhibitors of small RNAs in mammalian cells
Margaret S Ebert, Joel R Neilson & Phillip A Sharp
Center for Cancer Research, E17-529B Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
Correspondence should be addressed to Phillip A Sharp sharppa@mit.edu
MicroRNAs are predicted to regulate thousands of mammalian genes, but relatively few targets have been experimentally validated and few microRNA loss-of-function phenotypes have been assigned. As an alternative to chemically modified antisense oligonucleotides, we developed microRNA inhibitors that can be expressed in cells, as RNAs produced from transgenes. Termed 'microRNA sponges', these competitive inhibitors are transcripts expressed from strong promoters, containing multiple, tandem binding sites to a microRNA of interest. When vectors encoding these sponges are transiently transfected into cultured cells, sponges derepress microRNA targets at least as strongly as chemically modified antisense oligonucleotides. They specifically inhibit microRNAs with a complementary heptameric seed, such that a single sponge can be used to block an entire microRNA seed family. RNA polymerase II promoter (Pol II)-driven sponges contain a fluorescence reporter gene for identification and sorting of sponge-treated cells. We envision the use of stably expressed sponges in animal models of disease and development.
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