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Northern blotting and hybridization are used to study gene expression by detecting RNA species of interest, and to identify alternate RNA splicing patterns. It is analogous to Southern blotting, which is used to analyze DNA. This protocol describes the transfer of RNA from agarose gels to nylon membranes and the fixation of the RNA to the membrane1,2,3.
A Xenopus embryo coinjected with a plasmid encoding a transgene and the φC31 integrase mRNA readily facilitates genomic integration resulting in healthy transgenic embryos.